1 Nhanganyaya
Kuti tambo dze fiber optic dzivharwe kwenguva refu uye kudzivirira mvura nehunyoro kuti zvisapinde mubhokisi retambo kana junction zvichikuvadza simbi nefiber, zvichikonzera kukuvara kwehydrogen, kupwanyika kwefiber uye kudzikira kwakanyanya kwekushanda kwemagetsi ekuputira, nzira dzinotevera dzinowanzo shandiswa kudzivirira mvura nehunyoro:
1) Kuzadza mukati metambo nemafuta e-thixotropic, kusanganisira rudzi rwekudzivirira mvura (hydrophobic), rudzi rwekuzvimba kwemvura uye rudzi rwekuwedzera kupisa nezvimwewo. Rudzi urwu rwezvinhu zvinhu zvine mafuta, zvinozadza zvakawanda, zvinodhura zvakanyanya, zviri nyore kusvibisa nharaunda, zvakaoma kuchenesa (kunyanya mukubatanidza tambo ne solvent kuti icheneswe), uye uremu hwetambo hunorema zvakanyanya.
2) Mukati mechikamu chemukati nekunze pakati pekushandisa mhete yekudzivirira mvura inonamira inopisa, nzira iyi haishande zvakanaka, yakaoma, vagadziri vashoma chete ndivo vanogona kuiwana. 3) Kushandiswa kwekuwedzera kwakaoma kwezvinhu zvinovhara mvura (hupfu hwekuwedzera hunonwisa mvura, tepi inovhara mvura, nezvimwewo). Nzira iyi inoda tekinoroji yepamusoro, kushandiswa kwezvinhu, mutengo wakakwira, uye huremu hwetambo hunoremawo zvakanyanya. Mumakore achangopfuura, chimiro che "dry core" chakaiswa mutambo ye optical, uye chakashandiswa zvakanaka kunze kwenyika, kunyanya mukugadzirisa dambudziko rekuzviremera zvakanyanya uye maitiro akaoma ekubatanidza tambo ye optical ine mabhenefiti asina kuenzana. Chinhu chinovhara mvura chinoshandiswa mutambo iyi ye "dry core" shinda inovhara mvura. Shinda inovhara mvura inogona kukurumidza kunwisa mvura nekuzvimba kuti igadzire gel, ichivhara nzvimbo yemugero wemvura wetambo, nokudaro ichizadzisa chinangwa chekudzivirira mvura. Pamusoro pezvo, shinda inovhara mvura haina zvinhu zvine mafuta uye nguva inodiwa kugadzirira splice inogona kuderedzwa zvakanyanya pasina kudiwa kwezviputi, zvinonyungudutsa uye zvinochenesa. Kuti tiwane nzira iri nyore, kuvaka kuri nyore, kushanda kwakavimbika uye zvinhu zvinodzivirira mvura zvisingadhuri, takagadzira mhando itsva yeshinda inovhara mvura inovhara tambo ye optical cable.
2 Hunhu hweshinda inovhara mvura uye maitiro ayo
Basa rekudzivirira mvura reshinda inovhara mvura nderekushandisa muviri mukuru weshinda inovhara mvura kugadzira huwandu hwakawanda hwejel (kunyudzwa kwemvura kunogona kusvika kakawanda huwandu hwayo, senge muminiti yekutanga yemvura inogona kuwedzerwa nekukurumidza kubva pa0.5mm kusvika pa5.0mm dhayamita), uye kugona kwekuchengetedza mvura kwejel kwakasimba, kunogona kudzivirira kukura kwemuti wemvura zvinobudirira, nokudaro kudzivirira mvura kuti isarambe ichipinda nekupararira, kuti ibudirire chinangwa chekudzivirira mvura. Sezvo tambo yefiber optic ichifanira kutsungirira mamiriro akasiyana-siyana ezvakatipoteredza panguva yekugadzira, kuyedza, kutakurwa, kuchengetwa uye kushandiswa, tambo inovhara mvura inofanira kunge iine hunhu hunotevera hunoshandiswa mutambo yefiber optic:
1) Chitarisiko chakachena, ukobvu hwakaenzana uye magadzirirwo akapfava;
2) Simba remuchina rakati kuti rienderane nezvinodiwa pakuumba tambo;
3) kuzvimba nekukurumidza, kugadzikana kwakanaka kwemakemikari uye simba rakawanda rekunyudza mvura uye kugadzira gel;
4) Kugadzikana kwakanaka kwemakemikari, hapana zvinhu zvinoparadza, inodzivirira mabhakitiriya nefungus;
5) Kugadzikana kwakanaka kwekupisa, kuramba mamiriro ekunze akanaka, kuchinjika kune akasiyana-siyana ekugadzirisa nekugadzira anotevera uye nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekushandisa;
6) Kuenderana kwakanaka nezvimwe zvinhu zve fiber optic cable.
3 Shinda isingapindi mvura pakushandisa tambo ye optical fiber
3.1 Kushandiswa kweshinda dzisingapindi mvura mutambo dze optical fiber
Vagadziri vetambo dzefiber optic vanogona kushandisa magadzirirwo akasiyana etambo mukugadzirwa kwayo kuti vasangane nezvinodiwa nevashandisi zvichienderana nemamiriro avo chaiwo uye zvinodiwa nevashandisi:
1) Kuvhara kwemvura kwenguva refu kwechikamu chekunze neshinda dzinovhara mvura
Mukudzivirira simbi yakakweshwa, sheath yekunze inofanira kunge isina mvura kwenguva refu kudzivirira hunyoro nehunyoro kuti isapinde mutambo kana mubhokisi rekubatanidza. Kuti mvura ikwanise kuvharirwa kwenguva refu yesheath yekunze, shinda mbiri dzekudzivirira mvura dzinoshandiswa, imwe yacho inoiswa yakaenzana nepakati petambo yemukati, uye imwe inotenderedzwa nepakati petambo pane imwe nzvimbo (8 kusvika 15 cm), yakafukidzwa netepi yesimbi yakakweshwa uye PE (polyethylene), kuitira kuti shinda yekudzivirira mvura ipatsanure mukaha uri pakati petambo netepi yesimbi kuita kamuri kadiki kakavharwa. Tambo yekudzivirira mvura ichazvimba uye igadzire gel mukati menguva pfupi, ichidzivirira mvura kuti isapinde mutambo uye ichiganhurira mvura kune zvikamu zvidiki zvishoma pedyo nenzvimbo yekukanganisa, nokudaro ichizadzisa chinangwa chetambo yekudzivirira mvura kwenguva refu, sezvakaratidzwa muMufananidzo 1.
Mufananidzo 1: Kushandiswa kwakajairika kweshinda inovhara mvura muwaya ye optical
2) Kuvhara kwemvura kwenguva refu kwepakati petambo neshinda dzinovhara mvuraInogona kushandiswa pakati petambo yezvikamu zviviri zveshinda inovhara mvura, imwe iri pakati petambo yesimbi yakasimbiswa, uchishandisa shinda mbiri dzinovhara mvura, kazhinji shinda inovhara mvura netambo yesimbi yakasimbiswa yakaiswa pamwe chete, imwe shinda inovhara mvura kusvika padanda guru rakaputirwa netambo, kunewo shinda mbiri dzinovhara mvura netambo yesimbi yakasimbiswa yakaiswa pamwe chete, kushandiswa kweshinda inovhara mvura ine simba rakasimba rekuwedzera kuvhara mvura; yechipiri iri pamusoro pechivharo chakasununguka, usati wadzvanya sheath yemukati, shinda inovhara mvura seshinda yekubatanidza, shinda mbiri dzinovhara mvura kusvika padanda diki (1 ~ 2cm) munzira yakatarisana, zvichigadzira bhini rakakora uye diki rekuvhara, kudzivirira kupinda kwemvura, yakagadzirwa nechimiro che "tambo yakaoma".
3.2 Kusarudzwa kweshinda dzisingapindi mvura
Kuti tambo ye fiber optic cable irambe ichidzivirira mvura zvakanaka uye kuti irambe ichigadziriswa zvakanaka, zvinhu zvinotevera zvinofanira kucherechedzwa pakusarudza tambo ye fiber optic:
1) Ukobvu hweshinda inovhara mvura
Kuti tive nechokwadi chekuti kuwedzera kweshinda inovhara mvura kunogona kuzadza mukaha uri pakati petambo, kusarudza ukobvu hweshinda inovhara mvura kwakakosha, hongu, izvi zvine chekuita nehukuru hwetambo uye mwero wekuwedzera kweshinda inovhara mvura. Muchimiro chetambo kunofanirwa kuderedza kuvapo kwemikaha, senge kushandiswa kwemukaha wakanyanya wekuwedzera kweshinda inovhara mvura, ipapo dhayamita yeshinda inovhara mvura inogona kuderedzwa kusvika padiki, kuitira kuti uwane kushanda kwakavimbika kwekudzivirira mvura, asiwo kuchengetedza mari.
2) Kuzvimba kweganda uye simba rejeli reshinda dzinovhara mvura
Kuedzwa kwekupinda kwemvura kweIEC794-1-F5B kunoitwa pachikamu chose chetambo ye fiber optic. 1m yekoramu yemvura inowedzerwa kune sampuro ye 3m yetambo ye fiber optic, maawa makumi maviri nemana pasina kubuda kwemvura kunoonekwa. Kana mwero wekuzvimba kweshinda inovhara mvura usingaenderane nemwero wekupinda kwemvura, zvinokwanisika kuti mvura yapfuura nemusampuli mukati memaminitsi mashoma ekutanga bvunzo uye shinda inovhara mvura isati yazvimba zvizere, kunyangwe mushure menguva yakati shinda inovhara mvura ichazvimba zvizere uye ichavhara mvura, asi izvi zvakare kukundikana. Kana mwero wekuwedzera uchikurumidza uye simba re gel risina kukwana, hazvina kukwana kudzivirira kumanikidzwa kunogadzirwa nekoramu yemvura ye 1m, uye kuvharika kwemvura kuchakundikanawo.
3) Kupfava kweshinda inovhara mvura
Sezvo shinda inovhara mvura ichipfava pahunhu hwetambo, kunyanya kumanikidzwa kwedivi, kuramba kudzvanywa, nezvimwewo, kudzvanywa kwacho kuri pachena, saka unofanira kuedza kushandisa shinda inovhara mvura yakapfava.
4) Simba rekudhonza, kureba uye kureba kweshinda inovhara mvura
Mukugadzirwa kwetireyi yega yega yetambo, shinda inovhara mvura inofanira kuramba ichienderera mberi uye isingapindiki, izvo zvinoda kuti shinda inovhara mvura inofanira kunge iine simba rakati rekubata uye kureba, kuitira kuti shinda inovhara mvura isadhonzwe panguva yekugadzira, tambo kana ichitambanudza, ichikotama, ichimonereka shinda inovhara mvura haina kukuvara. Kureba kweshinda inovhara mvura kunoenderana zvakanyanya nehurefu hwetireyi yetambo, kuitira kuderedza huwandu hwenguva iyo shinda inochinjwa mukugadzirwa kunoramba kuripo, kureba kweshinda inovhara mvura kuri nani.
5) Acid uye alkalinity yeshinda inovhara mvura hazvifanirwe kunge zvisina kwazvakarerekera, zvikasadaro shinda inovhara mvura ichasangana netambo yacho yoita kuti hydrogen iite seyakakora.
6) Kugadzikana kweshinda dzinovhara mvura
Tafura 2: Kuenzanisa chimiro chekudzivirira mvura cheshinda dzinodzivirira mvura nezvimwe zvinhu zvinodzivirira mvura
| Enzanisa zvinhu | Kuzadza jeli | Mhete yekudzivirira mvura inopisa inonyunguduka | Tepi inovhara mvura | Shinda inovhara mvura |
| Kudzivirira mvura | Kugona | Kugona | Kugona | Kugona |
| Kugadziriswa | Zviri nyore | Zvakaoma | Zvakaoma kunzwisisa | Zviri nyore |
| Hunhu hwemakanika | Anokodzera | Anokodzera | Anokodzera | Anokodzera |
| Kuvimbika kwenguva refu | Kugona | Kugona | Kugona | Kugona |
| Simba rekubatanidza mumuhara | Zvakanaka | Kugona | Zvakanaka | Kugona |
| Njodzi yekubatana | Ehe | No | No | No |
| Mhedzisiro yeOxidation | Ehe | No | No | No |
| Chinonyungudutsa | Ehe | No | No | No |
| Kurema kwetambo ye fiber optic payuniti imwe neimwe | Zvinorema | Chiedza | Zvinorema | Chiedza |
| Kuyerera kwezvinhu zvisingadiwi | Zvinogoneka | No | No | No |
| Kuchena mukugadzirwa | Murombo | Varombo zvakanyanya | Kugona | Kugona |
| Kubata zvinhu | Ngoma dzesimbi dzinorema | Zviri nyore | Zviri nyore | Zviri nyore |
| Kudyara mari mumidziyo | Hombe | Hombe | Yakakura | Diki |
| Mutengo wezvinhu | Yepamusoro | Zvakaderera | Yepamusoro | Zasi |
| Mari yekugadzira | Yepamusoro | Yepamusoro | Yepamusoro | Zasi |
Kugadzikana kweshinda dzinovhara mvura kunonyanya kuyerwa nekugadzikana kwenguva pfupi uye kugadzikana kwenguva refu. Kugadzikana kwenguva pfupi kunonyanya kutariswa sekukwira kwekupisa kwenguva pfupi (tembiricha yekuwedzera sheath kusvika 220 ~ 240 ° C) pamhando dzemvura dzinodzivirira shinda dzemvura uye hunhu hwemakanika hwekukuvadzwa; kugadzikana kwenguva refu, kunyanya tichifunga nezvekukwegura kwehuwandu hwekuwedzera kweshinda dzinodzivirira mvura, kuwedzera kwehuwandu, simba regel uye kugadzikana, simba rekudhonza uye kureba kwekuputika, shinda dzinodzivirira mvura dzinofanira kunge dziri muhupenyu hwese hwetambo (makore 20 ~ 30) isimba remvura. Kufanana nemafuta anovhara mvura uye tepi inovhara mvura, simba regel uye kugadzikana kweshinda inovhara mvura hunhu hwakakosha. Shinda inovhara mvura ine simba regel rakawanda uye kugadzikana kwakanaka inogona kuchengetedza hunhu hwakanaka hwekudzivirira mvura kwenguva yakareba. Kusiyana neizvi, zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nenyika dzeGerman, zvimwe zvinhu pasi pemamiriro ehydrolysis, gel ichaora kuita chinhu chinofamba zvakanyanya, uye hachizozadzise chinangwa chekudzivirira mvura kwenguva refu.
3.3 Kushandiswa kweshinda dzinovhara mvura
Shinda inovhara mvura senzira yakanaka kwazvo yekudzivirira mvura, iri kutsiva mafuta ekuisa, mhete inonamira inopisa inonamira mvura uye tepi inovhara mvura, nezvimwewo zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira tambo dzinovhara mvura, Tafura 2 pamusoro pehumwe hunhu hwezvinhu izvi zvinovhara mvura kuti zvienzaniswe.
4 Mhedziso
Muchidimbu, shinda inovhara mvura chinhu chakanaka kwazvo chinodzivirira mvura chakakodzera tambo ye optical, ine hunhu hwekuvaka kuri nyore, kushanda kwakavimbika, kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira, uye nyore kushandisa; uye kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinozadza tambo ye optical kune zvakanakira zvehuremu hushoma, kushanda kwakavimbika uye mutengo wakaderera.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikunguru-16-2022