1. Nhanganyaya
Kukurukurirana tambo mukufambisa kwema-high-frequency signals, conductors anobudisa maitiro eganda, uye nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwechiratidzo chinoparadzirwa, ganda rinowedzera uye rakanyanyisa. Iyo inonzi ganda maitiro inoreva kutapurirana kwezviratidzo pamwe nechekunze kwemukati conductor uye mukati memukati wekunze conductor wecoaxial tambo apo frequency yechiratidzo chinotapurira inosvika akati wandei kilohertz kana makumi ezviuru zvehertz.
Kunyanya, nemutengo wepasi rose wemhangura inokwira uye zviwanikwa zvemhangura mune zvakasikwa zviri kuramba zvichishomeka, saka kushandiswa kwesimbi yemhangura-yakapfeka simbi kana mhangura-yakapfeka aruminiyamu waya kutsiva mhangura conductors, rave basa rinokosha kune waya uye tambo yekugadzira indasitiri, asiwo nekuda kwekusimudzira kwayo nekushandiswa kwenzvimbo huru yemusika.
Asi waya mumhangura yemhangura, nekuda kwekutanga kurapwa, pre-plating nickel uye mamwe maitiro, pamwe nekukanganisa kwekugadzirisa kwekugadzirisa, zviri nyore kuburitsa matambudziko anotevera uye kukanganisa: wire blackening, pre-plating haina kunaka. , iyo huru yeplating layer kubva paganda, zvichikonzera kugadzirwa kwemarara waya, tsvina yezvinhu, kuitira kuti mutengo wekugadzira chigadzirwa uwedzere. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha zvakanyanya kuve nechokwadi chemhando yekupfeka. Iri bepa rinonyanya kukurukura maitiro emitemo uye maitiro ekugadzirwa kwemhangura-akapfeka simbi waya ne electroplating, pamwe chete nezvikonzero zvinowanzokonzera matambudziko emhando uye nzira dzekugadzirisa. 1 Copper-clad simbi waya plating process uye zvikonzero zvayo
1. 1 Pre-kurapwa kwewaya
Kutanga, waya inonyudzwa mune alkaline uye pickling mhinduro, uye imwe voltage inoshandiswa kune waya (anode) uye ndiro (cathode), iyo anode inokonzera huwandu hwakawanda hweokisijeni. Basa guru remagasi aya nderokuti: rimwe, mabhubhu ane chisimba pamusoro petambo yesimbi uye electrolyte yaro iri pedyo inoridza mechanical agitation uye kubvisa mhedzisiro, nokudaro kusimudzira mafuta kubva pamusoro pesimbi simbi, kukurumidza saponification uye emulsification muitiro. mafuta nemafuta; chechipiri, nekuda kwetubundu tudiki twakasungirirwa painterface pakati pesimbi nemhinduro, nemabubbles newaya yesimbi kunze, mabhubhu achange achinamira kune waya yesimbi ine mafuta akawanda pamusoro pemhinduro, saka, pa iyo Mabhubhu achaunza mafuta akawanda anonamatira kune waya yesimbi kumusoro kwemhinduro, nokudaro achikurudzira kubviswa kwemafuta, uye panguva imwecheteyo, hazvisi nyore kugadzira hydrogen embrittlement yeanode, kuitira kuti yakanaka. plating inogona kuwanikwa.
1. 2 Kuiswa kwewaya
Kutanga, waya inofanogadziriswa uye yakagara yakaputirwa ne nickel nekuinyudza mumushonga weplating uye kushandisa imwe voltage kune waya (cathode) uye ndiro yemhangura (anode). Paanode, ndiro yemhangura inorasa maerekitironi uye inoumba emahara divalent mhangura ions mune electrolytic (plating) yekugezera:
Cu – 2e→Cu2+
Pacathode, waya yesimbi inogadzirwazve nemagetsi uye maion emhangura emhangura anoiswa pawaya kuti aite waya yemhangura yakavharwa nesimbi:
Cu2 + + 2e→ Cu
Cu2 + + e→ Cu +
Cu ++ e→ Cu
2H + + 2e→ H2
Kana huwandu hweasidhi mumugadziro weplating husina kukwana, cuprous sulphate inogadzikiswa zviri nyore kuumba cuprous oxide. Iyo cuprous oxide yakavharirwa muplating layer, ichiita kuti isununguke. Cu2 SO4 + H2O [Cu2O + H2 SO4
I. Zvikamu Zvikuru
Tambo dzekunze dzekunze dzinowanzo sanganisira tambo dzisina chinhu, dzakasununguka chubhu, zvinhu zvinovharisa mvura, zvinhu zvinosimbisa, uye sheath yekunze. Ivo vanouya muzvimiro zvakasiyana senge yepakati chubhu dhizaini, layer stranding, uye skeleton chimiro.
Bare fibers zvinoreva yekutanga optical fibers ine dhayamita ye250 micrometer. Ivo vanowanzo sanganisira iyo yepakati layer, cladding layer, uye coating layer. Mhando dzakasiyana dzemafibers dzisina bare dzine akasiyana core layer saizi. Semuenzaniso, single-mode OS2 fibers anowanzo 9 micrometers, nepo multimode OM2 / OM3 / OM4 / OM5 fibers ari 50 micrometers, uye multimode OM1 fibers ari 62.5 micrometers. Bare fibers kazhinji ane mavara-coded kusiyanisa pakati pe-multi-core fibers.
Machubhu akasununguka anowanzo kugadzirwa neakakwirira-simba einjiniya epurasitiki PBT uye anoshandiswa kugadzika mafibhi asina chinhu. Vanopa dziviriro uye vakazadzwa nemvura-inovhara gel kudzivirira mvura ingress inogona kukuvadza fiber. Iyo gel inoshandawo sebuffer kudzivirira fiber kukuvara kubva kune zvinokanganisa. Iyo yekugadzira machubhu akasununguka akakosha kuti ive nechokwadi chekureba kwefiber.
Zvinhu zvinovharisa mvura zvinosanganisira tambo inovharisa girisi, shinda inovharisa mvura, kana hupfu hunovharira mvura. Kuti uwedzere kuwedzera kugona kwetambo yekuvhara mvura, nzira huru ndeye kushandisa-yekuvharira girisi.
Zvinhu zvinosimbisa zvinouya mumhando dzesimbi uye dzisiri dzesimbi. Metallic anowanzo gadzirwa nefosfad simbi waya, matepi ealuminium, kana matepi esimbi. Zvisiri-simbi zvinhu zvinonyanya kugadzirwa neFRP zvinhu. Zvisinei nechinhu chinoshandiswa, zvinhu izvi zvinofanirwa kupa simba rinodiwa remuchina kuti isangane nezvinodiwa, zvinosanganisira kuramba kunetsana, kukotama, kukanganisa, uye kumonyoroka.
Mashefu ekunze anofanirwa kufunga nezvemamiriro ekushandiswa, kusanganisira kudzivirira mvura, UV kuramba, uye kuramba mamiriro ekunze. Naizvozvo, zvitema PE zvinhu zvinowanzo shandiswa, sezvo zvakanakisa zvemuviri uye zvemakemikari zvimiro zvinogonesa kukodzera kwekunze kuisirwa.
2 Izvo zvinokonzeresa zvemhando yezvinetso mumhangura yekugadzira uye mhinduro dzadzo
2. 1 Kufuridzirwa kwekutanga kurapwa kwetambo pane plating layer Kugadziriswa kwetambo kunokosha zvikuru mukugadzirwa kwemhangura-clad simbi wire ne electroplating. Kana iyo mafuta uye oxide firimu iri pamusoro petambo isina kubviswa zvachose, saka iyo pre-plated nickel layer haina kuputirwa zvakanaka uye kusungirirwa kwakashata, izvo zvinozopedzisira zvaita kuti iyo huru yemhangura yemhangura inodonha. Saka zvakakosha kuchengeta ziso pakusangana kwealkaline uye pickling zvinwiwa, pickling uye alkaline ikozvino uye kana pombi dzakajairika, uye kana dzisiri, dzinofanirwa kugadziriswa nekukurumidza. Matambudziko emhando yakajairika mukutanga kurapwa kwesimbi waya uye mhinduro dzadzo dzinoratidzwa muTafura
2. 2 Kugadzikana kwepre-nickel solution inogadzirisa zvakananga hutano hwepre-plating layer uye inoita basa rinokosha munhanho inotevera yemhangura yemhangura. Nokudaro, zvakakosha kuti ugare uchiongorora uye kugadzirisa chiyero chekuumbwa kweiyo pre-plated nickel solution uye kuona kuti pre-plated nickel solution yakachena uye haina kusvibiswa.
2.3 Kupesvedzera kweiyo main plating solution pane yeplating layer Mushonga weplating une mhangura sulphate uye sulfuric acid sezvikamu zviviri, kuumbwa kwereshiyo kunotarisisa kunaka kweiyo plating layer. Kana huwandu hwemhangura sulphate yakanyanyisa, makristasi emhangura sulphate achaderedzwa; kana huwandu hwemhangura sulphate hwakanyanya kuderera, waya inopiswa zviri nyore uye kugona kweplating kuchakanganiswa. Sulfuric acid inogona kuvandudza mafambisirwo emagetsi uye kushanda kwazvino kwemhinduro ye electroplating, kuderedza kuwanda kwecopper ions mumhinduro ye electroplating (iyo yakafanana ion effect), nokudaro ichivandudza cathodic polarization uye kupararira kwe electroplating solution, kuitira kuti density iripo. muganhu unowedzera, uye kudzivirira hydrolysis ye cuprous sulphate mu electroplating solution mu cuprous oxide uye kunaya kwemvura, kuwedzera kugadzikana kweiyo plating mhinduro, asi zvakare kuderedza anodic polarisation, iyo inobatsira kune yakajairwa kuparara kweanode. Nekudaro, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti yakakwira sulfuric acid inoderedza kunyungudika kwemhangura sulphate. Kana iyo sulfuric acid iri mumushonga weplating isingakwani, mhangura sulphate inonyungudika nyore nyore mu cuprous oxide uye yakavharirwa muplating layer, ruvara rwechifukidzo chinova chakasviba uye chakasununguka; kana pane yakawandisa ye sulfuric acid mu plating solution uye mhangura yemunyu inenge isina kukwana, iyo haidrojeni inozobudiswa zvishoma mu cathode, kuitira kuti pamusoro peplating layer ionekwe mavara. Phosphorus copper plate phosphorus content inewo zvakakosha pahutano hwekuputira, zvinyorwa zve phosphorus zvinofanira kudzorwa muhuwandu hwe 0. 04% kusvika 0. 07%, kana isingasviki 0. 02%, zvakaoma kuumba. firimu yekudzivirira kugadzirwa kwecopper ions, nokudaro kuwedzera hupfu hwemhangura mumushonga weplating; kana phosphorus kugutsikana kupfuura 0. 1%, zvichaita kukanganisa kupera kwemhangura anode, kuitira kuti zviri bivalent mhangura ions ari plating mhinduro inoderera, uye kubereka yakawanda anode dope. Mukuwedzera, ndiro yemhangura inofanira kugezwa nguva dzose kudzivirira anode sludge kubva pakusvibisa plating solution uye kukonzera roughness uye burrs muplating layer.
3 Mhedziso
Kuburikidza nekugadziriswa kwezvinhu zvataurwa pamusoro apa, kunamatira uye kuenderera kwechigadzirwa zvakanaka, hutano hwakagadzikana uye kushanda kwakanaka. Nekudaro, mune chaiyo yekugadzira maitiro, pane zvakawanda zvinokanganisa kunaka kweiyo plating layer muplating process, kana dambudziko ratowanikwa, rinofanirwa kuongororwa uye kudzidzwa nenguva uye matanho akakodzera anofanirwa kutorwa kurigadzirisa.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-14-2022