Mune masisitimu emagetsi emazuva ano, tambo dzepamusoro-voltage dzinoita basa rakakosha. Kubva pamagetsi emagetsi ari pasi pevhu mumaguta kusvika kune mitsetse yekufambisa kure-kure mumakomo nenzizi, tambo dzepamusoro-voltage dzinovimbisa kushanda zvakanaka, kugadzikana uye kwakachengeteka kwesimba remagetsi. Ichi chinyorwa chichaongorora zvakadzama matekinoroji akasiyana ane chekuita netambo dzemagetsi akakwira, kusanganisira chimiro chavo, kupatsanura, kugadzira maitiro, maitiro ekuita, kuisirwa uye kugadzirisa.
1.Basic chimiro chepamusoro-voltage cables
High-voltage cables anonyanya kuumbwa ne conductors, insulation layers, shielding layers uye zvidziviriro zvekudzivirira.
Iyo conductor ndiyo nzira yekufambisa yemazuva ano uye inowanzogadzirwa nemhangura kana aluminium. Mhangura ine yakanaka conductivity uye ductility, nepo aruminiyamu iri yakaderera mumutengo uye yakareruka muhuremu. Aya maconductor anowanzo muchimiro chewaya dzakawanda-tambo dzakamonyoroka kuti dziwedzere kuchinjika.
Iyo insulation layer chikamu chakakosha cheyakakwira-voltage tambo, iyo inobata basa mukudzivirira kubuda kwazvino uye kuparadzanisa conductor kubva kunze kwenyika. Common insulating materials zvinosanganisira cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE), bepa remafuta, etc. XLPE ine unhu hwakanaka hwemagetsi, kupisa kupisa uye kusimba kwemagetsi, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumatambo emazuva ano e-high-voltage.
Iyo shielding layer yakakamurwa kuita yemukati shielding uye yekunze shielding. Chidzitiro chemukati chinoshandiswa kugadzira yunifomu yemunda wemagetsi uye kudzivirira kubuda kwenzvimbo kubva pakukuvadza danda rekudzivirira; iyo yekunze nhovo inogona kuderedza kupindira kwekunze kwemagetsi emagetsi patambo, uye zvakare kudzivirira tambo kubva kuve nemagetsi emagetsi kune kunze kwenyika.
Iyo inodzivirira layer inonyanya kuchengetedza tambo kubva mukukuvadzwa nezvinhu zvekunze senge mechanical damage, kemikari corrosion uye kupindira kwemvura. Kazhinji inoumbwa nesimbi yezvombo uye kunze sheath. Nhumbi dzesimbi dzinogona kupa simba remagetsi, uye sheath yekunze ine basa rekudzivirira mvura uye rinopesana nekuora.
2. Kurongwa kwetambo dzepamusoro-voltage
Zvinoenderana nechiyero chevoltage, tambo dze-high-voltage dzinogona kukamurwa kuita tambo dzepakati-voltage (kazhinji 3-35kV), tambo dzepamusoro-voltage (35-110kV), tambo dze-ultra-high-voltage (110-500kV) uye dzepamusoro-soro. -voltage cables (pamusoro pe500kV). Matambo eakasiyana mazinga evoltage anosiyana mukugadzirwa kwechimiro, zvinodiwa zvekudzivirira, nezvimwe.
Kubva pakuona kwezvinhu zvinodzivirira, kuwedzera kune tambo dzeXLPE uye tambo dzemafuta-mapepa ataurwa pamusoro apa, kune zvakare ethylene-propylene rubber cables. Mafuta-mapepa tambo ane nhoroondo refu, asi nekuda kwemitengo yadzo yepamusoro uye zvimwe zvikonzero, zvishoma nezvishoma akatsiviwa netambo dzeXLPE. Ethylene propylene rubber tambo ine yakanaka kuchinjika uye kuramba mamiriro ekunze, uye yakakodzera kune dzimwe nguva dzakakosha.
3. Kugadzira nzira ye-high-voltage cable
Kugadzirwa kwe-high-voltage cable inzira yakaoma uye yakaoma.
Kugadzirwa kwemaconductor kutanga kunoda kuti mhangura kana aluminium mbishi zvinhu zvitambanudzwe, zvakamonyoroka uye mamwe maitiro kuti ive nechokwadi chechokwadi chemukati uye mechanical zvimiro zve conductor. Munguva yekushandura, tambo dzetambo dzinofanira kunyatsorongeka kuti uvandudze conductivity yemuitisi.
The extrusion of the insulation layer ndiyo imwe yematanho akakosha. Kune iyo XLPE insulation layer, iyo XLPE zvinhu inoburitswa pakupisa kwakanyanya uye yakaputirwa zvakaenzana pane conductor. Munguva ye extrusion process, ma parameter akadai setembiricha, kudzvanywa uye extrusion kumhanya anofanirwa kudzorwa zvakanyanya kuti ive nechokwadi chemhando uye ukobvu kufanana kweiyo insulation layer.
Iyo shielding layer inogadzirwa nesimbi waya weaving kana simbi tepi kuputira. Maitiro ekugadzira emukati nekunze nhovo akasiyana zvishoma, asi ese ari maviri anofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekutendeseka kwechivharo chekudzivirira uye yakanaka yemagetsi kubatana.
Pakupedzisira, kugadzirwa kwechidziviriro chekudzivirira kunosanganisira kuiswa kwesimbi yesimbi uye extrusion yekunze sheath. Nhumbi dzesimbi dzinofanirwa kukwana zvakasimba patambo, uye iyo extrusion yekunze sheath inofanira kuve nechokwadi chekutaridzika kwakanaka pasina kukanganisa kwakadai semabhubhu uye kuputika.
4. Kuita maitiro e-high-voltage cables
Panyaya yekushanda kwemagetsi, tambo dzepamusoro-voltage dzinofanirwa kuve nepamusoro-soro kudzivirira, yakaderera dielectric kurasikirwa uye yakanaka voltage kuramba. Kudzivirira kwekudzivirira kwepamusoro kunogona kudzivirira zvinobudirira kubuda, kuderera kwe dielectric kurasikirwa kunoderedza kurasikirwa kwesimba remagetsi panguva yekufambisa, uye yakanaka voltage resistance inovimbisa kuti tambo inogona kushanda zvakachengeteka munzvimbo yakakwirira-voltage.
Panyaya yezvivakwa zvemuchina, tambo inofanirwa kuve neyakakwana tensile simba, bending radius uye kukanganisa kupikisa. Panguva yekuisa uye kushanda, tambo inogona kuiswa pasi pekutambanudza, kukotama uye simba rekunze. Kana iyo mechanical properties isingakwanisi, zviri nyore kukonzera kukanganisa kwetambo.
Thermal performance zvakare chinhu chakakosha. Iyo tambo inoburitsa kupisa panguva yekushanda, kunyanya kana ichimhanya pasi pemutoro wakakwira. Naizvozvo, tambo inoda kuve neyakanaka kupisa kupisa uye kukwanisa kushanda zvakajairwa mukati meimwe tembiricha renji pasina matambudziko senge kuchembera kuchembera. XLPE tambo ine yakaringana kupisa kupisa uye inogona kushanda kwenguva yakareba patembiricha yepamusoro.
5. Kuiswa nekugadzirisa tambo dzepamusoro-voltage
Panyaya yekuisa, chinhu chekutanga kuita kuronga nzira yekuona kuti nzira yekuisa tambo inonzwisisika uye yakachengeteka. Munguva yekuisa, kutarisirwa kunofanira kutorwa kuti usanyanya kutambanudza, kukotama uye extrusion yetambo. Pakuisa tambo kureba, midziyo yakaita sematambo ekutakura inowanzoshandiswa kubatsira kuvaka.
Kugadzirwa kwemajoini etambo chinhu chakakosha mukugadzirisa. Unhu hwekubatana hunokanganisa zvakananga kushanda kwekuvimbika kwetambo. Paunenge uchigadzira majoini, tambo inoda kubviswa, kucheneswa, yakabatana uye insulated. Nhanho imwe neimwe inoda kuitwa zvakanyatsoenderana nemaitiro ekuita kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti magetsi uye ma mechanical zvivakwa zvejoinhi zvinosangana nezvinodiwa.
Basa rekuchengetedza rakakosha pakushanda kwenguva refu yakagadzikana ye-high-voltage cables. Kuongorora nguva dzose kunogona kuona nekukurumidza kana kutaridzika kwetambo kwakakuvadzwa kana sheath yakuvadzwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, mimwe michina yekuyedza zvakare inogona kushandiswa kuyedza mashandiro ekudzivirira uye kuburitsa chikamu chetambo. Kana matambudziko akawanikwa, anofanirwa kugadziriswa kana kutsiviwa nenguva.
6. Kukundikana uye kuonekwa kwe-high-voltage cables
Kutadza kwakajairika kwetambo dze-high-voltage kunosanganisira kuparara kwe insulation, conductor disconnection, uye kutadza kubatana. Insulation kuputsika kunogona kukonzerwa nekuchembera kwekudzivirira, kubuda muchidimbu, kana kuwandisa kwekunze. Conductor disconnection inowanzokonzerwa ne mechanical kunze simba kana kureba kwenguva refu. Kukundikana kwemajoini kunogona kukonzerwa nekusagadzikana kwekugadzira majoini maitiro kana kupisa kwakanyanya panguva yekushanda.
Kuti uone kukanganisa uku, kune nzira dzakawanda dzekuona. Kuonekwa kwekubuda kwechikamu inzira inowanzoshandiswa. Nekuona chiratidzo chinogadzirwa nechikamu chekubuda mutambo, inogona kutariswa kana paine kukanganisa kwekudzivirira mukati metambo. Iyo inomira voltage bvunzo inogona kuona iyo inomira voltage simba retambo uye nekuwana zvinogona kunetsa zvekuisa. Uye zvakare, infrared thermal imaging tekinoroji inogona kuona kugoverwa kwekushisa pamusoro petambo, kuitira kuti uone kana tambo ine matambudziko akadai sekupisa kwenzvimbo.
7.Application uye nzira yekusimudzira ye-high-voltage cables mumagetsi emagetsi
Mune masisitimu emagetsi, tambo dzakakwirira-voltage dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukushandurwa kwemagetsi emaguta, mitsara inobuda yezviteshi zvemagetsi makuru, submarine cable transmission uye mamwe minda. Mumaguta emagetsi emagetsi, nekuda kwenzvimbo shoma, kushandiswa kwetambo dzepasi pevhu kunogona kuchengetedza nzvimbo nekuvandudza kunaka kweguta. Mitsetse inobuda yezviteshi zvemagetsi hombe inoda kushandiswa kwetambo dzemagetsi makuru kuendesa magetsi kune zviteshi zviri kure. Submarine tambo yekufambisa inogona kuona kuyambuka-gungwa simba rekufambisa uye kupa yakagadzikana magetsi ezvitsuwa nenzvimbo dzemahombekombe.
Nekuenderera mberi kwekuvandudza tekinoroji yemagetsi, tambo dzepamusoro-voltage dzakaratidzawo mamwe mafambiro ebudiriro. Imwe ndeyekutsvagisa uye kusimudzira uye kushandiswa kwetambo dzine yakakwira voltage mazinga. Nekuwedzera kwekuda kwekureba-kure kufambisa simba, kuvandudzwa kwetambo-yakakwirira-voltage tambo inozove yekutarisa. Chechipiri ndihwo hungwaru hwetambo. Nekubatanidza ma sensors nemimwe michina mutambo, chaiyo-nguva yekutarisa mamiriro ekushanda kwetambo uye yambiro yekukanganisa inogona kuwanikwa, nekudaro ichivandudza kuvimbika kwekushanda kwetambo. Chechitatu kugadzirwa kwetambo dzinochengetedza zvakatipoteredza. Sezvo zvinodiwa nevanhu zvekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza zvichiwedzera, kutsvagisa uye kusimudzira kwepasi-kusvibiswa, recyclable cable zvinhu zvichave nzira yekuvandudza mune ramangwana.
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-24-2024