Nekukura kuri kuita masisitimu ekugadzira magetsi e photovoltaic (PV) pasi rose, tambo dze photovoltaic (tambo dzePV)—sezvinhu zvakakosha zvinobatanidza ma PV modules, ma inverter, nema combiner boxes—dzinoita basa guru mukuchengetedza uye kushanda kwesimba remagetsi ezuva. Kana tichienzanisa netambo dzemagetsi dzemazuva ano, tambo dze photovoltaic dzine magadzirirwo akasarudzika uye sarudzo yezvinhu zvetambo.
1. Chii Chinonzi Waya yePhotovoltaic?
Tambo yemagetsi inopenya, inozivikanwawo setambo yezuva kana tambo yePV, inonyanya kushandiswa muzviteshi zvemagetsi zvinoshandisa simba rezuva, masisitimu emagetsi anopenya, uye mukuisa maPV padenga. Mhando dzakajairika dzinosanganisira PV1-F neH1Z2Z2-K, dzinoenderana nezvinodiwa pasi rose zvakaita seEN 50618 neIEC 62930.
Sezvo tambo dzePV dzichigara dzichionekwa munzvimbo dzekunze, dzinofanira kushanda zvakavimbika pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya, mwaranzi ye ultraviolet yakasimba, tembiricha yakaderera, hunyoro, uye kusvibiswa ne ozone. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvinodiwa zvemidziyo yekudzivirira uye zvinhu zve sheathing zvakakwirira zvakanyanya kupfuura zvetambo dzakajairika. Hunhu hwakajairika hunosanganisira kuramba tembiricha yepamusoro neyakaderera, kuramba kukwegura kweUV kwakanaka, kuramba ngura yemakemikari, kunonoka kwemurazvo, hushamwari kune nharaunda, uye hupenyu hwebasa hwakagadzirirwa hwemakore makumi maviri nemashanu kana kupfuura.
2. Matambudziko pakushandisa tambo mukushandiswa kwe photovoltaic
Mukushandiswa kwenyika chaiyo, tambo dzemagetsi dzinoshandiswa pakugadzira magetsi (photovoltaic cables) dzinowanzoiswa panze. Semuenzaniso, munzvimbo dzekuEurope, tembiricha yePV systems inogona kusvika 100°C kana paine zuva. Panguva imwe chete, tambo idzi dzinoshandiswa nemwaranzi yeUV kwenguva refu, kuchinja-chinja kwetembiricha yemasikati nehusiku, uye kumanikidzwa kwemagetsi.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, tambo dzePVC dzakajairwa kana tambo dzerabha dzechinyakare hadzigone kuramba dzakagadzikana kwenguva refu. Kunyangwe tambo dzerabha dzakatarwa kuti dzishande pa90°C kana tambo dzePVC dzakatarwa kuti dzishande pa70°C dzinogona kukwegura, kutsemuka kweganda, uye kukurumidza kushanda kana dzichishandiswa mumasystem ekunze e photovoltaic, zvichipfupisa hupenyu hwebasa resystem zvakanyanya.
3. Kushanda Kwakakosha Kwematambo ePhotovoltaic: Zvinhu Zvakasiyana-siyana zvekudzivirira kupisa uye zvekuputira
Mabhenefiti makuru ekushanda kwetambo dze photovoltaic anonyanya kubva muPV-specific insulation compounds uye sheathing compounds. Sisitimu huru inoshandiswa nhasi iradiation crosslinked polyolefin, inowanzo shandiswa pa polyethylene yepamusoro (PE) kana mamwe ma polyolefin.
Kuburikidza nekuvhenekerwa kwemagetsi nemwaranzi, macheni emamorekuru echinhu ichi anobatana, achichinja chimiro kubva pathermoplastic kuenda kuthermoset. Maitiro aya anowedzera zvakanyanya kuramba kupisa, kuramba kukwegura, uye kushanda kwemuchina. Zvinhu zvepolyolefin zvinobatanidzwa nemwaranzi zvinobvumira tambo dze photovoltaic kushanda nguva dzose pa90–120°C, ukuwo zvichipawo kuchinjika kwakanaka kwekupisa kwakaderera, kuramba UV, kuramba ozone, uye kuramba kupwanyika kwekumanikidzwa kwezvakatipoteredza. Pamusoro pezvo, zvinhu izvi hazvina halogen uye zvinoenderana nezvakatipoteredza.
4. Kuenzanisa kweMagadzirirwo neZvinhu: Matambo ePhotovoltaic vs. Matambo eKare
4.1 Magadzirirwo Akajairika uye Zvinhu zveCables dzePhotovoltaic
Kondakita: Kondakita yemhangura yakasanganiswa kana kondakita yemhangura yakakanyiwa, ichibatanidza conductivity yemagetsi yakakwira nekuramba ngura
Chidziviriro: Radiation crosslinked polyolefin insulation compound (PV cable-specific insulation material)
Sheath Layer: Radiation crosslinked polyolefin sheathing compound, inopa dziviriro yekunze kwenguva refu
4.2 Magadzirirwo Akajairika uye Zvishandiso zveCables Dzakajairika
Mutyairi: Mutyairi wemhangura kana mutyairi wemhangura akaiswa mugaba
Chigadziko chekudzivirira: PVC insulation compound kanaXLPE (polyethylene yakabatana)chinhu chinoputira
Rutivi rwemumuhara:PVCjira rekuvhara
5. Kusiyana Kwekushanda Kunokonzerwa Nekusarudza Zvinhu
Kubva pamaonero emuchina wekufambisa magetsi, tambo dzemagetsi dzinoshandisa magetsi (photovoltaic cables) netambo dzemazuva ano dzakafanana. Musiyano mukuru uripo pakusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvinodzivirira kupisa uye zvinhu zvinodzivirira kupisa.
Zvinodzivirira kupisa zvePVC uye zvinodzivirira kupisa zvePVC zvinoshandiswa mutambo dzemazuva ano zvinonyanya kukodzera nzvimbo dziri mukati kana kuti dzakapfava, zvichipa simba shoma pakupisa, kusvibiswa neUV, uye kukwegura. Kusiyana neizvi, zvinodzivirira kupisa zvepolyolefin uye zvinodzivirira kupisa zvinoshandiswa mutambo dzephotovoltaic zvakagadzirirwa kushanda panze kwenguva refu uye zvinogona kuchengetedza kushanda kwakasimba kwemagetsi nekanika mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma.
Saka, kunyangwe kushandisa tambo dzemazuva ano panzvimbo petambo dzemagetsi dzinopisa (photovoltaic cables) kunogona kuderedza mari yekutanga, zvinowedzera zvakanyanya njodzi dzekugadzirisa uye zvinopfupisa hupenyu hwese hwebasa remagetsi anopisa (photovoltaic system).
6. Mhedziso: Kusarudzwa Kwezvinhu Kunoratidza Kuvimbika Kwenguva Refu KwemaPV Systems
Tambo dzemagetsi hadzisi nyore kutsiva tambo dzakajairika, asi zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvakagadzirwa zvakanangana nekushandiswa kwemagetsi emagetsi. Kuvimbika kwadzo kwenguva refu kunoenderana nekusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvekudzivirira tambo dzemagetsi zvePV zvinoshanda zvakanyanya uye zvinhu zvekufukidza, kunyanya kushandiswa kwakakodzera kwemasisitimu ezvinhu zvepolyolefin zvine radiation crosslinked.
Kune vagadziri vemasystem ePV, vanoisa, uye vatengesi vezvinhu zvetambo, kunzwisisa kwakakwana kwemusiyano wezvikamu zvezvinhu pakati petambo dzephotovoltaic netambo dzemazuva ano kwakakosha kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti zvivakwa zvemagetsi zvephotovoltaic zvinoshanda zvakachengeteka, zvakagadzikana, uye kwenguva refu.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-31-2025