Aramid fiber, ipfupi kune anonhuwirira polyamide faibha, yakanyorwa pakati pemafayibha mana epamusoro-soro anokosheswa kusimudzira muChina, pamwe nekabhoni fiber, yekupedzisira-yakakwira molecular uremu polyethylene fiber (UHMWPE), uye basalt fiber. Kufanana nenylon yakajairwa, aramid faibha ndeyemhuri yepolyamide fibers, ine amide zvisungo mucheni huru yemamorekuru. Musiyano wakakosha uri pakubatana: ma bond enylon amide akabatana nemapoka ealiphatic, nepo aramid anobatanidzwa nemhete dzebenzene. Ichi chakakosha mamorekuru chimiro chinopa aramid faibha yakanyanya kusimba axial simba (> 20cN/dtex) uye modulus (> 500GPa), ichiiita iyo inofarirwa zvinhu zvekusimbisa tambo dzepamusoro.
Mhando dzeAramid Fiber
Aramid fiberkunyanya inosanganisira yakazara inonhuhwirira polyamide fibers uye heterocyclic inonhuhwirira polyamide fibers, inogona kuiswazve muchikamu ortho-aramid, para-aramid (PPTA), uye meta-aramid (PMTA). Pakati peizvi, meta-aramid uye para-aramid ndidzo dzakagadzirwa. Kubva pachimiro chemolecular chimiro, mutsauko mukuru uripo pakati pezviviri izvi uri panzvimbo yekabhoni atomu mumhete yebenzene inosungirirwa amide bond. Iyi misiyano yezvimiro inotungamira kune yakakosha misiyano mumichina zvinhu uye kugadzikana kwekupisa.
Para-Aramid
Para-aramid, kana poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA), inozivikanwawo kuChina seAramid 1414, iri mutsetse wepolymer ine mutsara unodarika 85% yeamide zvisungo zvakabatana zvakanangana nemhete dzinonhuhwirira. Zvigadzirwa zvepara-aramid zvinonyanya kubudirira pakutengeserana ndeyeDuPont's Kevlar® neTeijin's Twaron®, iyo inotonga musika wepasi rose. Yakanga iri yekutanga faibha yakambogadzirwa uchishandisa liquid crystalline polymer spinning solution, ichiunza nguva itsva yemhando yepamusoro-performance synthetic fibers. Panyaya yemidziyo yemagetsi, simba rayo rekusimba rinogona kusvika 3.0-3.6 GPa, elastic modulus 70-170 GPa, uye elongation pakutyora 2-4%. Aya akasarudzika maitiro anoipa isingadzokerike mabhenefiti mune optical tambo yekusimbisa, ballistic kuchengetedza, uye mamwe minda.
Meta-Aramid
Meta-aramid, kana poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) (PMTA), inozivikanwawo kuChina seAramid 1313, inotungamira yakakwirira-inodzivirira organic fiber. Chimiro chayo chemorekuru chine maamide mapoka anobatanidza meta-phenylene mhete, achigadzira zigzag linear cheni yakasimbiswa neakasimba intermolecular hydrogen bonds mune 3D network. Chimiro ichi chinopa iyo fiber nekudzoreredza murazvo wakanakisa, kugadzikana kwekupisa, uye neradiation kuramba. Chigadzirwa chakajairika iDuPont's Nomex®, ine Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) ye28–32, tembiricha yegirazi ingangoita 275°C, uye tembiricha yebasa inoenderera inopfuura 200°C, ichiita kuti ishandiswe zvakanyanya mumatambo asingadziviriri moto uye nepamusoro-tembiricha yekudzivirira.
Yakatanhamara Zvivakwa zveAramid Fiber
Aramid fiber inopa yakanyanya-yakakwirira simba, yakakwira modulus, kupisa kupisa, asidhi uye alkali kuramba, huremu hushoma, kusungirira, kuchembera kuramba, kutenderera kwehupenyu hurefu, kugadzikana kwemakemikari, hapana madonhwe akanyunguduka panguva yekupisa, uye isina-chepfu gasi rinobuda. Kubva pakuona kwetambo yekushandiswa kwetambo, para-aramid inodarika meta-aramid mukupisa kwekupisa, ine inoenderera sevhisi tembiricha ye -196 kusvika 204 ° C uye hapana kuora kana kunyungudika pa500 ° C. Para-aramid inonyanya kuzivikanwa zvivakwa zvinosanganisira Ultra-yakakwirira simba, yakakwira modulus, kupisa kupisa, makemikari kuramba, uye yakaderera density. Simba rayo rinopfuura 25 g/dtex—ka5 kusvika ku6 pane resimbi yemhando yepamusoro, nekatatu pane refiberglass, uye nekaviri kupfuura eshinda yakasimba kwazvo yenaironi yemuindasitiri. Modulus yaro ndeye 2-3 nguva yesimbi kana fiberglass uye 10 nguva yenaironi yakasimba-yakasimba. Yakaomarara zvakapetwa kaviri sewaya yesimbi uye inorema chete 1/5 yakawandisa, ichiita kuti inyatso kukodzera kushandiswa sekusimbisa mutambo dzemaziso, tambo dzepasi pemvura, uye mamwe mhando dzetambo dzepamusoro.
Mechanical Properties yeAramid Fiber
Meta-aramid ipolymer inochinjika ine simba rekupwanya rakakwirira kupfuura yakajairwa polyester, donje, kana naironi. Iyo ine yakakwira elongation mwero, yakapfava ruoko inonzwa, yakanaka spinnability, uye inogona kugadzirwa kuita mapfupi faibha kana filaments eanosiyana denier. Inogona kurukwa kuita machira neasina wovens uchishandisa yakajairwa machira emuchina uye kugadziriswa kuti isangane nezvipfeko zvekudzivirira zvinodiwa zvemaindasitiri akasiyana. Mukudzivirira kwemagetsi, meta-aramid inodzora murazvo uye inodzivirira kupisa inomira. Iine LOI inopfuura makumi maviri nemasere, haizoramba ichitsva mushure mekusiya murazvo. Kudzivirira kwayo murazvo wemurazvo wemukati kune chimiro chayo chemakemikari, zvichiita kuti irambe ichidzoserwa nemoto-isingarasikirwe nekurasikirwa kwekuita nekuda kwekugezwa kana kushandiswa kwenguva refu. Meta-aramid ine kugadzikana kwekushisa kwakanyanya, nekushandisa nguva dzose pa205 ° C uye kuchengetedza kwakasimba kwesimba kunyangwe patembiricha iri pamusoro pe205 ° C. Tembiricha yekuora kwayo yakakwira, uye hainyungudike kana kudonha patembiricha yepamusoro, inongotanga kuita carbonize pamusoro pe370°C. Izvi zvivakwa zvinoita kuti ive yakanaka yekuvharisa uye kusimbaradza mune yakakwirira-tembiricha kana tambo dzinodzivirira moto.
Kemikari Kugadzikana kweAramid Fiber
Meta-aramid ine kupikisa kwakanyanya kune akawanda makemikari uye yakanyungudika inorganic acids, kunyangwe ichinzwa kune concentrated sulfuric uye nitric acids. Iyo inewo yakanaka alkali kuramba pane tembiricha yekamuri.
Radiation Resistance yeAramid Fiber
Meta-aramid inoratidza kusarudzika nemwaranzi kuramba. Semuenzaniso, pasi pekuratidzwa kwenguva refu kune 1.2×10⁻² W/cm² ultraviolet chiedza uye 1.72×10⁸ rad gamma mwaranzi, simba rayo rinoramba risina kuchinja. Uku kupikisa kwemwaranzi kwakatanhamara kunoita kuti inyanyokodzera tambo dzinoshandiswa muzviteshi zvemagetsi enyukireya uye spacecraft.
Kugara kweAramid Fiber
Meta-aramid inoratidzawo yakanakisa abrasion uye makemikari kuramba. Mushure mekugezwa zana, jira rakagadzirwa kubva mumusha rakagadzirwa meta-aramid rinochengeta zvinopfuura 85% yesimba raro rekutanga kubvaruka. Mumashandisirwo etambo, kusimba uku kunovimbisa kwenguva refu mekiniki uye magetsi kuita kugadzikana.
Zvishandiso zveAramid Fiber
Aramid fiber inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muChina's aerospace, mota, electromechanical, kuvaka, uye maindasitiri emitambo nekuda kweakanakisa emuchina zvivakwa, yakakwirira-tembiricha kuramba, uye kugadzikana kwemakemikari. Inoonekwa sechinhu chakakosha chekuvandudza mune ramangwana remaindasitiri epamusoro-soro. Kunyanya, aramid inotora basa risingadzokerike muminda yekutaurirana tambo dzemagetsi, tambo dzemagetsi, tambo dzinodzivirira kutonhora kwakanyanya, tambo dzepasi pemvura, uye tambo dzehunyanzvi.
Aerospace uye Military Minda
Aramid fiber inoratidzira yakaderera density, yakasimba simba, uye yakanakisa corrosion kuramba. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvikamu zvezvimiro zveaerospace mota, senge roketi mota casings uye Broadband radome zvimiro. Zvishandiso zvaro zvinosanganiswa zvinoratidzira zvakanakisa kukanganisa kupikisa uye kujeka kwemagetsi emagetsi, kudzikisa zvakanyanya huremu hwendege uye kuwedzera kuchengetedzeka. Muchikamu chedziviriro, aramid inoshandiswa mumabhururu mavheti, ngowani, uye midziyo isingaputike, zvichiita kuti ive chinhu chinotungamira kuchizvarwa chinotevera chekudzivirira kwemauto.
Nzvimbo dzekuvaka uye dzekutakura
Muindasitiri yekuvaka, aramid fiber inoshandiswa kusimbisa zvimiro uye bhiriji tambo masisitimu nekuda kwehuremu hwayo, kushanduka, uye kusagadzikana kwekuora. Inonyanya kushanda pakusimbisa zvimiro zvisina kufanira. Mukufambisa, aramid inoiswa mumachira etambo dzematayi emotokari nendege. Matai anosimbiswa neAramid anopa simba rakakwirira, kupikisa kupisa, kupisa kupisa, uye hupenyu hurefu hwesevhisi, kusangana nezvido zvekushanda kwemotokari dzemazuva ano dzinomhanya zvakanyanya uye ndege.
Zvemagetsi, Zvemagetsi, uye Cable Indasitiri
Aramid faibha inonyanya kuita basa mumagetsi, zvemagetsi, uye waya & tambo dzekugadzira zvikamu, kunyanya munzvimbo dzinotevera:
Nhengo dzeTensile muOptical Cables: Iine simba rakanyanya kusimba uye modulus, aramid fiber inoshanda senhengo inotsiga mukutaurirana optical tambo, inodzivirira yakapfava optical fibers kubva mukukanganiswa pasi pekunetseka uye nekuona yakagadzikana kutapurirana kwechiratidzo.
Kusimbisa muCables: Mune tambo dzakakosha, tambo dzepasi pemvura, tambo dzemagetsi, uye tambo dzinodzivirira kutonhora kwakanyanya, aramid inowanzoshandiswa sechinhu chepakati chekusimbisa kana nhumbi dzokurwa. Kuenzaniswa nesimbi inosimbisa, aramid inopa simba repamusoro pane huremu hwakaderera, inosimudzira zvakanyanya tambo yekusimba uye kugadzikana kwemuchina.
Insulation uye Flame Retardancy: Aramid macomposites ane yakanakisa dielectric uye kupisa kugadzikana. Iwo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumachira ekuisa tambo, majaketi anodzoreredza moto, uye halogen-isina yakaderera-utsi sheathing. Pepa reAramid, mushure mekumirirwa nevanishi inodzivirira, inosanganiswa nemica yechisikigo kuti ishandiswe mumamotor anodzivirira kutonhora uye anoshandura.
Fire-Resistant uye Rail Transit Cables: Aramid fiber's inherent flame resistance uye kupisa kushivirira kunoita kuti ive yakanakira kushandiswa mungarava dzechikepe, tambo dzenjanji, uye nyukireya-giredhi isingadziviriri tambo, uko mitemo yekuchengetedza yakaomarara.
EMC uye Lightweighting: Aramid's yakanakisa electromagnetic transparency uye yakaderera dielectric inogara inoita kuti ive yakakodzera EMI yekudzivirira maseru, radar radomes, uye optoelectronic yekubatanidza zvikamu, zvichibatsira kuvandudza electromagnetic kuenderana uye kuderedza uremu hwehurongwa.
Mamwe Maapplication
Nekuda kweinonhuhwirira mhete yemukati, aramid fiber inopa yakanakisa kugadzikana kwemakemikari uye kusaonda, ichiita kuti ive yakakodzera tambo dzemugungwa, tambo dzekuchera oiri, uye pamusoro pekufambisa tambo dzemaziso munzvimbo dzakaoma. Inoshandiswawo zvakanyanya mumidziyo yemitambo yepamusoro, giya rekudzivirira, uye mabhureki emotokari, uye iri kuramba ichigamuchirwa seimwe nzira ine hushamwari kune asbestos mukuisa chisimbiso nekuisa zvisimbiso, mapaneru ekudzivirira anopisa, uye zvimwe zvikamu zvekuisa chisimbiso, kuve nechokwadi chekuita uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-31-2025