Aramid fiber, muchidimbu zvinoreva aromatic polyamide fiber, yakanyorwa pakati pemafiber mana ane simba guru anotarisirwa kukura muChina, pamwe chete necarbon fiber, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber (UHMWPE), uye basalt fiber. Kufanana nenylon yakajairika, aramid fiber ndeyemhuri yemafiber epolyamide, ane amide bonds mu main molecular chain. Musiyano mukuru uri mu bonding: nylon's amide bonds yakabatana ne aliphatic groups, nepo aramid's yakabatana ne benzene rings. Iyi molecule structure yakakosha inopa aramid fiber simba rakakwirira kwazvo re axial (>20cN/dtex) uye modulus (>500GPa), zvichiita kuti ive chinhu chinodiwa chekusimbisa tambo dzemhando yepamusoro.
Mhando dzeAramid Fiber
Faibha yeAramidZvinosanganisira zvakanyanya aromatic polyamide fibers uye heterocyclic aromatic polyamide fibers, izvo zvinogona kuiswa muzvikamu zviviri: ortho-aramid, para-aramid (PPTA), uye meta-aramid (PMTA). Pakati peizvi, meta-aramid nepara-aramid ndidzo dzakagadzirwa nemaindasitiri. Kubva pamaonero echimiro chemamorekuru, musiyano mukuru pakati pezviviri izvi uri panzvimbo yeatomu yekabhoni mu ring yebenzene iyo amide bond yakabatana nayo. Musiyano uyu wechimiro unotungamira kune musiyano wakakura muhunhu hwemakanika uye kugadzikana kwekupisa.
Para-Aramid
Para-aramid, kana kuti poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA), inozivikanwawo muChina seAramid 1414, ipolymer ine tambo refu ine zvinopfuura 85% yeamide bonds yayo yakabatana zvakananga nearomatic rings. Zvigadzirwa zvepara-aramid zvinobudirira zvikuru mukutengeserana ndiDuPont's Kevlar® naTeijin's Twaron®, izvo zvinotonga musika wepasi rose. Ndiyo yaive fiber yekutanga kugadzirwa uchishandisa liquid crystalline polymer spinning solution, zvichiunza nguva itsva yemafiber ekugadzira anoshanda zvakanyanya. Panyaya yehunhu hwemakanika, simba rayo rekudhonza rinogona kusvika 3.0–3.6 GPa, elastic modulus 70–170 GPa, uye elongation pakaputsika 2–4%. Hunhu uhwu hwakasiyana hunoipa mabhenefiti asingatsiviwi mukusimbisa tambo ye optical, dziviriro ye ballistic, nedzimwe nzvimbo.
Meta-Aramid
Meta-aramid, kana kuti poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) (PMTA), inozivikanwawo muChina seAramid 1313, ifiber inodzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya. Maumbirwo ayo emamorekuru ane mapoka emaamide anobatanidza meta-phenylene rings, zvichigadzira chain yakatsetseka ye zigzag yakagadzikiswa ne hydrogen bonds dzakasimba mu 3D network. Maumbirwo aya anoita kuti fiber iyi ive ne fire retardancy yakanaka, thermal stability, uye radiation resistance. Chinhu chinowanzo shandiswa iDuPont's Nomex®, ine Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) ye28–32, glass transition tembiricha yeinenge 275°C, uye continuous service tembiricha iri pamusoro pe200°C, zvichiita kuti ishandiswe zvakanyanya mu wire dzisingatsvi moto uye zvinhu zvinodzivirira kupisa zvakanyanya.
Hunhu Hwakanaka hweAramid Fiber
Aramid fiber inopa simba rakawanda kwazvo, modulus yakakwira, kuramba kupisa, kuramba acid nealkali, huremu hushoma, kudzivirira kupisa, kuramba kukwegura, kugara kwenguva refu, kugadzikana kwemakemikari, kusadonha kwemvura yakanyunguduka panguva yekutsva, uye kuburitswa kwegasi risina chepfu. Kubva pamaonero ekushandisa tambo, para-aramid inopfuura meta-aramid mukudzivirira kupisa, ine tembiricha inoenderera mberi ye -196 kusvika 204°C uye hapana kuora kana kunyunguduka pa500°C. Hunhu hwakakosha hwePara-aramid hunosanganisira simba rakawanda kwazvo, modulus yakakwira, kuramba kupisa, kuramba makemikari, uye density yakaderera. Simba rayo rinodarika 25 g/dtex—5 kusvika 6 zvakapetwa kupfuura simbi yepamusoro, 3 zvakapetwa kupfuura fiberglass, uye zvakapetwa kaviri kupfuura shinda yeindasitiri yenylon yakasimba. Modulus yayo yakapetwa 2-3 kupfuura simbi kana fiberglass uye kagumi kupfuura nylon yakasimba. Yakasimba kaviri kupfuura waya yesimbi uye inorema 1/5 chete, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kushandiswa sekusimbisa tambo dzemagetsi, tambo dzemugungwa, nedzimwe mhando dzetambo dzemhando yepamusoro.
Hunhu hweAramid Fiber muMichina
Meta-aramid ipolymer inochinjika ine simba rinopwanyika rakakwirira kupfuura polyester, donje, kana nayiloni. Ine mwero wekukwirira kwakanyanya, kunzwa kwakapfava kwemaoko, kugona kutenderera zvakanaka, uye inogona kugadzirwa kuita machira mapfupi kana filaments emhando dzakasiyana-siyana. Inogona kurongedzwa kuita machira neasina kurukwa uchishandisa michina yemachira yakajairika uye inogadziriswa kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvezvipfeko zvekudzivirira zvemaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana. Mukudzivirira magetsi, hunhu hwemeta-aramid hunodzivirira murazvo uye hunodzivirira kupisa hunoonekwa. NeLOI inopfuura 28, haizorambi ichitsva mushure mekubuda mumurazvo. Kudzivirira murazvo wayo kwakabatana nechimiro chayo chemakemikari, zvichiita kuti irambe ichidzivirira murazvo zvachose—inodzivirira kurasikirwa nekushanda nekuda kwekugezwa kana kushandiswa kwenguva refu. Meta-aramid ine kugadzikana kwakanaka kwekupisa, nekushandiswa nguva dzose pa205°C uye simba rayo rinochengetwa zvakanyanya kunyangwe pakupisa kuri pamusoro pe205°C. Kupisa kwayo kwekuora kwakakwira, uye hainyungudike kana kudonha pakupisa kwakanyanya, inotanga kungoisa kabhoni pamusoro pe370°C. Hunhu uhwu hunoita kuti ive yakanaka pakudzivirira kupisa uye kusimbisa tambo dzinopisa zvakanyanya kana dzisingatsvi.
Kugadzikana kweMakemikari kweAramid Fiber
Meta-aramid inodzivirira zvakanyanya makemikari mazhinji uye maasidhi asina kusimba emuviri, kunyangwe ichinzwa sulfuric ne nitric acids. Inodzivirirawo alkali zvakanaka patembiricha yemumba.
Kuramba Kurasika kweAramid Fiber Nemwaranzi
Meta-aramid inoratidza kusasimba kwemwaranzi zvakanyanya. Semuenzaniso, kana ikabatwa kwenguva refu nechiedza che ultraviolet che 1.2×10⁻² W/cm² uye 1.72×10⁸ rad gamma rays, simba rayo harina kuchinja. Kusasimba kwemwaranzi uku kunoita kuti ive yakakodzera zvakanyanya tambo dzinoshandiswa muzviteshi zvemagetsi zvenyukireya nezvitundumuseremusere.
Kugara kwenguva refu kweAramid Fiber
Meta-aramid inoratidzawo kukweshwa kwakanaka uye kuramba makemikari. Mushure mekusukwa ka100, jira rakagadzirwa nemeta-aramid rinogadzirwa munyika rinochengetedza simba rayo rekubvaruka rinodarika 85% yesimba rayo rekutanga. Mukushandiswa kwetambo, kugara kwenguva refu kunoita kuti pave nekugadzikana kwenguva refu kwemuchina uye magetsi.
Mashandisirwo eAramid Fiber
Aramid fiber inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yendege, mota, electromechanical, kuvaka, uye mitambo muChina nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwakanaka hwemakanika, kuramba kupisa kwakanyanya, uye kugadzikana kwemakemikari. Inoonekwa sechinhu chakakosha mukuvandudzwa kwemaindasitiri anoshanda zvakanyanya mune ramangwana. Kunyanya, aramid ine basa risingatsivike muminda yetambo dzemagetsi dzekutaurirana, tambo dzemagetsi, tambo dzinodzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya, tambo dzemugungwa, uye tambo dzehunyanzvi.
Nzvimbo dzendege nedzemauto
Faibha yeAramid ine simba shoma, simba guru, uye inodzivirira ngura zvakanyanya. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvikamu zvezvimiro zvemota dzemuchadenga, zvakaita semaroketi emota uye maroketi eBroadband radome. Zvinhu zvayo zvakasanganiswa zvinoratidza kusimba kwakanyanya uye kujeka kwemafungu emagetsi, zvichideredza zvakanyanya huremu hwendege uye zvichiwedzera kuchengetedzeka. Muchikamu chekudzivirira, aramid inoshandiswa mumavesti asingapindi mabara, ngowani, uye midziyo inodzivirira kuputika, zvichiita kuti ive chinhu chinotungamira kuchizvarwa chinotevera chekudzivirira kwemauto akareruka.
Minda yekuvaka nekutakura
Muindasitiri yekuvaka, aramid fiber inoshandiswa kusimbisa chivakwa uye mabhuroko etambo nekuda kwekureruka kwayo, kuchinjika kwayo, uye kuramba ngura. Inonyanya kushanda mukusimbisa zvivakwa zvisina kurongeka. Mukufambisa, aramid inoshandiswa mumachira etambo dzemataira emotokari nendege. Mataira akasimbiswa nearamid ane simba rakawanda, anodzivirira kuboorwa, anodzivirira kupisa, uye anogara kwenguva refu, achizadzisa zvinodiwa zvemotokari dzemazuva ano dzinomhanya zvakanyanya nendege.
Indasitiri yeMagetsi, yeMagetsi, uye yeCable
Aramid fiber ine mashandisirwo akakosha mumagetsi, zvemagetsi, uye waya & tambo, kunyanya munzvimbo dzinotevera:
Nhengo Dzinosunga Mumatambo Eoptical: Nesimba guru rekusunga uye modulus, aramid fiber inoshanda senhengo inosunga mutambo dzeoptical dzekutaurirana, ichidzivirira mafiber eoptical asina kusimba kubva pakukanganisika uye ichivimbisa kutapurirana kwemasaini kwakasimba.
Kusimbiswa Kwematambo: Mumatambo emhando yepamusoro, tambo dzemugungwa, tambo dzemagetsi, uye tambo dzinodzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya, aramid inowanzo shandiswa sechinhu chekusimbisa pakati kana jira rezvombo. Kana ichienzaniswa nesimbi dzinosimbisa, aramid inopa simba rakakwirira pahuremu hwakaderera, zvichiwedzera simba rekusimba kwetambo uye kugadzikana kwemuchina.
Kudzivirira uye Kudzivirira Murazvo: MaAramid composites ane kugadzikana kwakanaka kwe dielectric uye thermal. Anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mu wire insulation layers, flame-retardant jackets, uye halogen-free low-smoke sheathing. Pepa reAramid, mushure mekuiswa varnish inodzivirira, rinosanganiswa ne natural mica kuti rishandiswe mumota dzinodzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya uye ma transformer.
Matambo Anodzivirira Moto uye Ekufambisa Njanji: Kusapisa uye kutsungirira kupisa kweAramid fiber kunoita kuti ive yakakodzera kushandiswa mutambo dzengarava, tambo dzechitima, uye tambo dzinodzivirira moto dzemhando yenyukireya, uko mitemo yekuchengetedza yakanyanya kuoma.
EMC uye Lightweighting: Kujeka kweAramid kwemagetsi uye kushaya simba kwe dielectric kunoita kuti ive yakakodzera maEMI shielding layers, radar radomes, uye optoelectronic integration components, zvichibatsira kuvandudza electromagnetic compatibility uye kuderedza huremu hwesystem.
Mamwe Mapurogiramu
Nekuda kwehuwandu hwayo hwemhete inonhuhwirira yakawanda, aramid fiber inopa kugadzikana kwakanaka kwemakemikari uye kudzivirira ngura, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera tambo dzemugungwa, tambo dzekuboorera mafuta, uye tambo dzemagetsi dzinotumirwa pamusoro munzvimbo dzakaoma. Inoshandiswawo zvakanyanya mumidziyo yemitambo yepamusoro, zvishandiso zvekudzivirira, uye mabhureki emotokari, uye iri kuramba ichishandiswa senzira isingakuvadzi nharaunda panzvimbo peasbestos mukushandiswa kwesealing neinsulation, thermal insulation panels, nezvimwe zvikamu zvesealing, zvichiita kuti ishande zvakanaka uye ichengetedzeke nharaunda.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikunguru-31-2025