Tambo dzisingatsvi moto dzinobatsira pakuona kuti magetsi anowanikwa muzvivakwa nemaindasitiri mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Kunyange zvazvo kushanda kwadzo kwemoto kwakanyanya kukosha, kupinda kwemvura kunokonzera njodzi yakavanzwa asi inowanzoonekwa iyo inogona kukanganisa kushanda kwemagetsi zvakanyanya, kugara kwenguva refu, uye kutoita kuti basa radzo rekudzivirira moto risashande zvakanaka. Senyanzvi dzakadzika midzi munyaya dzezvinhu zvetambo, ONE WORLD inonzwisisa kuti kudzivirira hunyoro hwetambo inyaya inotenderera kubva pakusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvepakati zvakaita se insulation compounds uye sheathing compounds, kusvika pakuiswa, kuvaka, uye kugadziriswa kuri kuenderera mberi. Chinyorwa chino chichaita ongororo yakadzama yezvinhu zvinopinda hunyoro, kutanga kubva pahunhu hwezvinhu zvepakati zvakaita seLSZH, XLPE, uye Magnesium Oxide.
1. Cable Ontology: Zvinhu Zvikuru uye Maumbirwo Sehwaro hweKudzivirira Hunyoro
Kudzivirira hunyoro hwetambo isingatsvi kunobva pahunhu hwayo uye dhizaini inoshanda pamwe chete yezvinhu zvayo zvetambo.
Kondakita: Makondakita eCopper kana Aluminum akachena kwazvo akasimba pamakemikari. Zvisinei, kana hunyoro hukapinda, hunogona kukonzera ngura yemagetsi inogara iripo, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwechikamu chekondakita, kuramba kwakawedzera, uye nekudaro kuve nzvimbo inogona kukonzera kupisa kwakanyanya munzvimbo.
Chidziviriro Chekudzivirira: Chidziviriro Chepakati Chekudzivirira Hunyoro
Makomponi Ekudzivirira Mineral Asina Kugadzirwa (semuenzaniso, Magnesium Oxide, Mica): Zvinhu zvakaita seMagnesium Oxide neMica hazvitsvi uye hazvibati kupisa kwakanyanya. Zvisinei, chimiro chidiki diki chepoda yavo kana mica tape laminations chine mipata inowanikwa inogona kuva nzira dzekupararira kwemvura. Nokudaro, tambo dzinoshandisa makomponi ekudzivirira (semuenzaniso, Mineral Insulated Cables) dzinofanira kushandisa sheath yesimbi inoenderera mberi (semuenzaniso, chubhu yemhangura) kuti dzivharwe. Kana sheath iyi yesimbi ikakuvara panguva yekugadzira kana kuisa, kupinda kwemvura mu insulation medium senge Magnesium Oxide kuchaita kuti insulation resistivity yayo iderere zvakanyanya.
Makomponi ePolymer Insulation (semuenzaniso, XLPE): Kudzivirira hunyoro hwePolyethylene Yakabatana Nemuchinjikwa (XLPE)inobva pachimiro che network chine mativi matatu chakaumbwa panguva yekubatanidza. Chimiro ichi chinowedzera zvakanyanya huwandu hwepolymer, zvichidzivirira kupinda kwemamorekuru emvura. Mishonga yekudzivirira yeXLPE yepamusoro inoratidza kushoma kwemvura (kazhinji <0.1%). Kusiyana neizvi, XLPE yakaderera kana yekare ine zvikanganiso inogona kugadzira nzira dzekunyungudutsa hunyoro nekuda kwekuputsika kwecheni yemamorekuru, zvichikonzera kudzikira zvachose kwekushanda kwekudzivirira.
Muromo: Mutsetse wekutanga wekudzivirira zvakatipoteredza
Hutsi Hwakaderera Zero Halogen (LSZH) Sheathing Compound: Kuramba kwehunyoro uye kuramba kwehydrolysis kwezvinhu zveLSZH zvinoenderana zvakananga nekugadzirwa kwechimiro uye kuenderana pakati pepolymer matrix yayo (semuenzaniso, polyolefin) uye inorganic hydroxide fillers (semuenzaniso, Aluminium Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide). LSZH sheathing compound yepamusoro-soro inofanira, nepo ichidzivirira moto, kuwana mvura shoma uye kuramba kwenguva refu kwehydrolysis kuburikidza nemaitiro ekugadzira akanyatsonaka kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti inodzivirira kushanda zvakanaka munzvimbo dzine hunyoro kana mvura yakawanda.
Chivharo cheSimbi (semuenzaniso, Aluminum-Plastic Composite Tape): Sechidziviriro chehunyoro che radial, kushanda kweAluminum-Plastic Composite Tape kunoenderana zvakanyanya netekinoroji yekugadzirisa nekuvhara pakukwirira kwayo. Kana chisimbiso chinoshandisa hot-melt adhesive panosangana iyi chisina kuenderera mberi kana kuti chisina kunaka, kuvimbika kwechidziviriro chose kunokanganiswa zvakanyanya.
2. Kuisa nekuvaka: Kuedza Munda weSisitimu Yekudzivirira Zvinhu
Zvinopfuura 80% zvezvibatiso zvehunyoro hwetambo zvinoitika panguva yekuisa nekuvaka. Hunhu hwekuvaka hunosarudza zvakananga kana kudzivirira hunyoro hwetambo kunogona kushandiswa zvizere.
Kudzora Zvakatipoteredza Kusakwana: Kuita tambo dzekuisa, kucheka, uye kubatanidza munzvimbo dzine hunyoro hunopfuura 85% kunoita kuti utsi hwemvura hunobva mumhepo hukurumidze kuungana patambo dzakachekwa uye pamusoro pezvinhu zvinodzivirira kusvibiswa uye zvinhu zvinozadza. Kune tambo dzinodzivirira kusvibiswa kweMagnesium Oxide mineral, nguva yekuiswa patambo inofanira kunge yakaganhurirwa; zvikasadaro, upfu hweMagnesium Oxide huchakurumidza kunwisa hunyoro kubva mumhepo.
Zvikanganiso muTekinoroji yeKuvhara uye Zvinhu Zvekubatsira:
Majoini uye Kupera: Machubhu ekudziya, ma terminations ekudziya, kana ma sealant akadururwa anoshandiswa pano ndiwo ma link akakosha mu system yekudzivirira hunyoro. Kana zvinhu izvi zvekuvhara zvisina simba rakakwana rekudonha, simba rakakwana rekunamatira kune tambo ye sheathing compound (semuenzaniso, LSZH), kana kusakwanisa kuramba kukwegura, zvinobva zvava nzira pfupi dzekuti mvura ipinde.
Mapaipi emagetsi neMatireyi etambo: Mushure mekuiswa kwetambo, kana magumo emapaipi asina kuvharwa zvakasimba neputty kana sealant yehunyanzvi inodzivirira moto, paipi inova "culvert" inounganidza hunyoro kana mvura isingamire, zvichiramba zvichiparadza sheath yekunze yetambo.
Kukuvadzwa Kwemuchina: Kukotama kupfuura nzvimbo yekukotama shoma panguva yekuisa, kudhonza nemidziyo yakapinza, kana mipendero yakapinza munzira yekuisa zvinogona kukonzera kukwenya kusingaonekwe, kupinza, kana kutsemuka kudiki paLSZH sheath kana Aluminum-Plastic Composite Tape, zvichikanganisa zvachose kusimba kwavo kwekuvhara.
3. Kushanda, Kugadzirisa, uye Nzvimbo: Kugara Kwezvinhu Mubasa Renguva Refu
Kana tambo yatanga kushanda, kuramba kwayo hunyoro kunoenderana nekusimba kwezvinhu zvetambo kana yagara kwenguva refu ichidzvinyirirwa nezvakatipoteredza.
Kutarisirwa Kwekuchengetedza:
Kuvhara kana kukuvara kwemugero wetambo/matsime zvisina kunaka kunobvumira mvura yemvura uye mvura inodziya kupinda zvakananga. Kunyudzwa kwenguva refu kunoedza zvakanyanya miganhu yekudzivirira hydrolysis yeLSZH sheathing compound.
Kukundikana kuisa hurongwa hwekuongorora nguva nenguva kunodzivirira kuonekwa nekutsiviwa kwezvinovhara zvekare, zvakatsemuka, machubhu anodzikira kupisa, nezvimwe zvinhu zvinovhara.
Migumisiro Yekukwegura Yekushushikana Kwezvakatipoteredza Pazvinhu Zvishandiso:
Kuchinja-chinja kweTembiricha: Kusiyana kwetembiricha yezuva nezuva neyemwaka kunokonzera "mhedzisiro yekufema" mukati metambo. Kushushikana uku, kunoshanda kwenguva refu pazvinhu zvepolymer zvakaita seXLPE neLSZH, kunogona kukonzera kusakwana kwesimba, zvichigadzira mamiriro ekuti hunyoro hupinde.
Kuora Kwemakemikari: Muvhu rine acidic/alkaline kana munzvimbo dzemaindasitiri dzine zvinhu zvinoparadza, cheni dzepolymer dzeLSZH sheath nesimbi dzinogona kurwiswa nemakemikari, zvichikonzera hupfu hwezvinhu, kubooka, uye kurasikirwa nebasa rekudzivirira.
Mhedziso uye Mazano
Kudzivirira hunyoro mutambo dzisingatsvi ipurojekiti yakarongeka inoda kubatana kwakasiyana-siyana kubva mukati zvichienda kunze. Inotanga nezvinhu zvepakati zvetambo - zvakaita seXLPE insulation compounds ine chimiro chakabatana chakakora, compounds dzeLSZH sheathing dzakagadzirwa nesainzi dzakagadzirwa nehydrolysis-resistant LSZH sheathing, uye Magnesium Oxide insulation systems dzinoshandisa simbi sheaths kuti dzivharwe zvachose. Izvi zvinoitwa kuburikidza nekuvaka kwakarongeka uye kushandiswa kwakasimba kwezvinhu zvinobatsira senge sealants nemachubhu ekupisa. Uye pakupedzisira zvinoenderana nekutarisira kwekuchengetedza kwekufungidzira.
Saka, kutsvaga zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvetambo zvine simba guru (semuenzaniso, LSZH yepamusoro, XLPE, Magnesium Oxide) uye zvine dhizaini yakasimba yekuvaka ndiyo musimboti wekuvaka kudzivirira hunyoro muhupenyu hwese hwetambo. Kunzwisisa zvakadzama uye kuremekedza hunhu hwemuviri nemakemikari hwetambo yega yega ndiyo pokutangira pakuziva, kuongorora, uye kudzivirira njodzi dzekupinda kwehunyoro zvinobudirira.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-27-2025