Polyethylene Synthesis Nzira uye Mhando
(1) Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE)
Kana kuronda huwandu hweokisijeni kana peroxides vawedzerwa sekutanga kune yakachena ethylene, yakatsikirirwa kusvika 202.6 kPa, uye inopisa kusvika 200 ° C, ethylene inopolima kuita chena, waxy polyethylene. Iyi nzira inowanzonzi iyo yepamusoro-yekumanikidza maitiro nekuda kwemaitiro ekushanda. Iyo polyethylene inoguma ine density ye0.915-0.930 g/cm³ uye molecular uremu kubva pa15,000 kusvika 40,000. Chimiro chayo che molecular yakanyanyisa mashizha uye yakasununguka, yakafanana ne "muti-yakafanana" kugadzirisa, iyo inokonzera kuderera kwayo, saka zita rokuti low-density polyethylene.
(2) Polyethylene Yepakati-Density (MDPE)
Iyo yepakati-kudzvanywa maitiro inosanganisira polymerizing ethylene pasi pe30-100 atmospheres uchishandisa simbi oxide catalysts. Iyo polyethylene inoguma ine density ye0.931-0.940 g/cm³. MDPE inogona zvakare kugadzirwa nekusanganisa high-density polyethylene (HDPE) neLDPE kana kuburikidza necopolymerization yeethylene ine macomonomers akadai sebutene, vinyl acetate, kana acrylates.
(3) High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE)
Pasi pemamiriro ekunze ekupisa uye kumanikidzwa, ethylene inogadzirwa nepolymerized ichishandisa yakanyatsoshanda coordination catalysts (organometallic compounds inoumbwa nealkylaluminum uye titanium tetrachloride). Nekuda kweiyo yakakwira catalytic chiitiko, iyo polymerization reaction inogona kupedzwa nekukurumidza pane yakaderera dzvinyiriro (0-10 atm) uye yakaderera tembiricha (60-75 ° C), saka zita rakaderera-kudzvanywa maitiro. Iyo polyethylene inoguma ine isina branched, linear molecular chimiro, ichipa kune yakakwira density (0.941-0.965 g/cm³). Kuenzaniswa neLDPE, HDPE inoratidzira yakakwirira kupisa kupisa, michina zvivakwa, uye kwezvakatipoteredza-kupwanya kuramba.
Zvinhu zvePolyethylene
Polyethylene ipurasitiki ine mukaka-chena, wax-yakafanana, semi-pachena purasitiki, zvichiita kuti ive yakanakira kuvharidzira uye sheathing zvinhu zvewaya netambo. Zvayakanakira zvikuru zvinosanganisira:
(1) Yakanakisa magetsi emagetsi: yakakwirira insulation kuramba uye dielectric simba; kubvumidzwa kwakaderera (ε) uye dielectric kurasikirwa tangent (tanδ) pane yakakura frequency renji, ine kushoma frequency kutsamira, zvichiita kuti ive yakanakira dielectric yekutaurirana tambo.
(2) Yakanaka michina zvivakwa: inochinjika asi yakaoma, ine yakanaka deformation kuramba.
(3) Kuramba kwakasimba pakuchembera kwekupisa, kuderera-kupisa brittleness, uye kugadzikana kwemakemikari.
(4) Yakanakisa kushorwa kwemvura ine yakaderera mwando kutorwa; insulation kuramba kazhinji haina kuderera kana yakanyudzwa mumvura.
(5) Sechinhu chisiri chepolar, chinoratidza kukwirira kwegasi, iine LDPE ine yakanyanya gasi permeability pakati pemapurasitiki.
(6) Yakaderera chaiyo giravhiti, ese ari pasi pe 1. LDPE inonyanya kucherechedzwa paanenge 0.92 g/cm³, nepo HDPE, kunyangwe yakakwira density, inongotenderedza 0.94 g/cm³.
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(8) Matambo akagadzirwa nepolyethylene akareruka, ari nyore kuisa, uye ari nyore kumisa. Zvisinei, polyethylene inewo zvipingamupinyi zvakawanda: kupisa kwakadzika kunyorova; kupisa, kubudisa kunhuhwirira kwakafanana neparafini kana kupiswa; urombo kwezvakatipoteredza kusagadzikana-kutsemuka kuramba uye zvinokambaira kuramba. Kutarisisa kunodiwa kana uchishandisa polyethylene sekuvhara kana sheathing kune tambo dzepasi pemvura kana tambo dzakaiswa mumadonhwe akatwasuka.
Polyethylene Plastics yeWaya neCables
(1) General-Purpose Insulation Polyethylene Plastic
Yakagadzirwa chete polyethylene resin uye antioxidants.
(2) Plastiki Inodzivirira Mamiriro ekunze ePolyethylene
Inonyanya kuumbwa ne polyethylene resin, antioxidants, uye carbon black. Kuramba kwemamiriro ekunze kunoenderana nekukura kwechikamu, zvirimo, uye kupararira kwekabhoni nhema.
(3) Environmental Stress-Crack Resistant Polyethylene Plastic
Inoshandisa polyethylene ine melt flow index pazasi 0.3 uye yakamanikana mamorekuru uremu kugovera. Iyo polyethylene inogona zvakare kuchinjika kuburikidza neradiation kana makemikari nzira.
(4) High-Voltage Insulation Polyethylene Plastiki
High-voltage cable insulation inoda ultra-pure polyethylene plastic, yakawedzerwa nevoltage stabilizers uye specialized extruders kudzivirira kuumbwa kwechitunha, kudzvanya resin kubuda, uye kunatsiridza arc kuramba, kukukurwa kwemagetsi, uye corona resistance.
(5) Semiconductive Polyethylene Plastiki
Inogadzirwa nekuwedzera conductive kabhoni dema kune polyethylene, kazhinji uchishandisa yakanaka-chete, yakakwirira-yakaumbwa kabhoni nhema.
(6) Thermoplastic Yakaderera-Smoke Zero-Halogen (LSZH) Polyolefin Cable Compound
Mushonga uyu unoshandisa polyethylene resin sehwaro zvinhu, zvinosanganisira yakakwirira-inoshanda halogen-isina murazvo retardants, utsi zvinodzvanya, thermal stabilizers, antifungal agents, uye colorants, inogadziriswa kuburikidza nekusanganisa, plasticization, uye pelletization.
Crosslinked Polyethylene (XLPE)
Pasi pekuita kwemwaranzi yakakwira-energy kana crosslinking agents, iyo linear molecular chimiro che polyethylene inoshanduka kuita matatu-dimensional (network) chimiro, ichishandura iyo thermoplastic zvinhu kuita thermoset. Kana inoshandiswa se insulation.XLPEinogona kushingirira tembiricha yekushanda inoramba ichikwira kusvika 90°C uye tembiricha pfupi-circuit ye170–250°C. Crosslinking nzira dzinosanganisira muviri uye makemikari crosslinking. Irradiation crosslinking inzira yemuviri, nepo inonyanya kuzivikanwa kemikari crosslinking agent iDCP (dicuyl peroxide).
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-10-2025