1. Nhanganyaya
EVA ndiyo chidimbu che ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyolefin polymer. Nekuda kwekudzika kwayo kunyunguduka tembiricha, yakanaka fluidity, polarity uye isiri-halogen zvinhu, uye inogona kuenderana nemhando dzakasiyana dzepolymers uye mineral powders, huwandu hwemagetsi uye emuviri zvivakwa, magetsi emagetsi uye kugadzirisa chiyero chekushanda, uye mutengo hausi. yakakwirira, musika wekutengesa wakakwana, saka zvese senge cable insulation material, inogona kushandiswawo sekuzadza, sheathing zvinhu; inogona kugadzirwa kuita thermoplastic material, uye inogona kugadzirwa kuva thermosetting cross-linking material.
EVA dzakasiyana-siyana dzekushandisa, dzine zvinodzoreredza murazvo, dzinogona kugadzirwa muutsi hwepasi halogen-isina kana halogen mafuta barriers; sarudza yakakwira VA yemukati meEVA sechinhu chigadziko chinogonawo kugadzirwa mumafuta-resistant material; sarudza iyo yakanyunguduka indekisi yeEVA ine mwero, wedzera 2 kusvika 3 nguva yekuzadzwa kweEVA flame retardants inogona kuitwa kune extrusion process performance uye mutengo weiyo yakaenzana oksijeni barriers (kuzadza) zvinhu.
Mupepa rino, kubva kune zvimiro zveEVA, kuiswa kwekushandiswa kwayo muindasitiri yetambo uye tarisiro yebudiriro.
2. Mamiriro ezvinhu
Kana uchigadzira synthesis, kushandura chiyero chepolymerisation degree n / m inogona kuburitsa VA yemukati kubva pa5 kusvika 90% yeEVA; kuwedzera iyo yakazara polymerisation degree inogona kuburitsa huremu hwemamorekuru kubva kumakumi ezviuru kusvika kumazana ezviuru zveEVA; VA yemukati pazasi 40%, nekuda kwekuvapo kwechidimbu crystallization, kuderera kwehurombo, kunowanzozivikanwa seEVA plastiki; kana iyo VA yemukati yakakura kupfuura 40%, rabha-yakafanana elastomer isina crystallization, inowanzozivikanwa seEVM rabha.
1. 2 Properties
Iyo molecular cheni yeEVA mutsara wakazara chimiro, saka ine yakanaka kupisa kuchembera, mamiriro ekunze uye ozone kuramba.
EVA molecule main chain haina ma bond maviri, benzene ring, acyl, amine groups nemamwe mapoka ari nyore kuputa kana kutsva, side chain zvakare haina kuputa nyore pakupisa methyl, phenyl, cyano nemamwe mapoka. Mukuwedzera, iyo molecule pachayo haina halogen zvinhu, saka inonyanya kukodzera kune yakaderera-utsi halogen-isina resistive mafuta base.
Hukuru hukuru hweboka revinyl acetate (VA) muEVA side chain uye nepakati polarity zvinoreva kuti zvese zvinodzivirira tsika yevinyl backbone yekupenya uye vakaroora zvakanaka nemamineral fillers, izvo zvinogadzira mamiriro epamusoro ekuita zvinodzivirira mafuta. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya kune hutsi hushoma uye husina halogen-isina kuramba, sezvidziviriro zvemoto zvinodarika 50% zvinyorwa zvevhoriyamu [eg Al(OH) 3, Mg(OH) 2, nezvimwewo] zvinofanira kuwedzerwa kuti zvizadzise zvinodiwa netambo dzematambo. nekuda kwekunonoka kwemurazvo. EVA ine zvepakati kusvika pakakwirira VA yemukati inoshandiswa sehwaro kugadzira hutsi hushoma uye halogen-isina halogen inodzoreredza moto ine zvimiro zvakanaka.
Sezvo EVA side chain vinyl acetate group (VA) iri polar, iyo yakakwira iyo VA yemukati, iyo yakawanda polar iyo polymer uye zviri nani kuramba mafuta. Kupokana kwemafuta kunodiwa neindasitiri yetambo kazhinji kunoreva kugona kutsungirira asiri-polar kana asina simba polar mineral oiri. Zvinoenderana nemusimboti wekuenderana kwakafanana, EVA ine yakakwira VA yemukati inoshandiswa sehwaro zvinhu kugadzira yakaderera chiutsi uye halogen-isina mafuta barriers ine yakanaka kuramba mafuta.
EVA mamorekuru ari mualpha-olefin H atomu kuita kunowedzera kushanda, muperoxide radicals kana yakakwira-energy electron-radiation effect iri nyore kutora H cross-linking reaction, kuva muchinjika-yakabatana purasitiki kana rabha, inogona kuitwa ichida kuita zvinodiwa. yewaya yakakosha uye zvinhu zvetambo.
Kuwedzerwa kweboka revinyl acetate kunoita kuti kunyunguduka kweEVA kudonhe zvakanyanya, uye nhamba yeVA mafupi emaketani emaketani anogona kuita kuti kuyerera kweEVA kuwedzere. Naizvozvo, kuita kwayo extrusion kuri nani kupfuura chimiro chemolecular ye polyethylene yakafanana, ichiva iyo yakasarudzika base zvinhu zve semi-conductive shielding zvinhu uye halogen uye halogen-isina mafuta zvipingamupinyi.
2 Product zvakanakira
2. 1 Kunyanya kudhura kwekuita
EVA's physical and mechanical properties, heat resistance, weather resistance, ozone resistance, magetsi zvinhu zvakanaka chaizvo. Sarudza giredhi rakakodzera, rinogona kugadzirwa kupisa kupisa, moto unodzoreredza kuita, asiwo oiri, inodzivirira-inodzivirira yakakosha tambo zvinhu.
Thermoplastic EVA material inonyanya kushandiswa neVA zvinyorwa zve15% kusvika 46%, ine melt index ye 0. 5 kusvika ku4 grade. EVA ine vagadziri vazhinji, mabhureki mazhinji, akasiyana esarudzo, mitengo iri pakati nepakati, kukwana kwakakwana, vashandisi vanongoda kuvhura EVA chikamu chewebhusaiti, mhando, kuita, mutengo, nzvimbo yekutumira uchingotarisa, unogona kusarudza, zvakanyanya. convenient.
EVA i polyolefin polymer, kubva mukupfava uye kushandiswa kwekuenzanisa kwekuita, uye polyethylene (PE) zvinhu uye yakapfava polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tambo zvinhu zvakafanana. Asi kumwe kutsvagurudza, iwe unowana EVA nemhando mbiri dziri pamusoro pezvinhu zvichienzaniswa nehukuru husingadzoreki.
2. 2 yakanakisa kugadzirisa kushanda
EVA mune tambo yekushandisa inobva pakati uye yakakwirira voltage tambo yekudzivirira zvinhu mukati nekunze kwekutanga, uye gare gare yakawedzerwa kune halogen-isina mafuta barriers. Aya marudzi maviri ezvinyorwa kubva pakuona kwekugadzirisa anoonekwa se "zvinhu zvakazadzwa zvakanyanya": kudzivirira zvinhu nekuda kwekudiwa kwekuwedzera nhamba yakawanda ye conductive carbon black uye kuita kuti viscosity yayo iwedzere, iyo liquidity yakadonha zvakanyanya; halogen-isina flame retardant mafuta inoda kuwedzera huwandu hukuru hwehalogen-isina murazvo retardants, zvakare halogen-isina zvinhu viscosity yakawedzera zvakanyanya, iyo liquidity yakadonha zvakanyanya. Mhinduro ndeyekutsvaga polymer inogona kugarisa madosi makuru ekuzadza, asi zvakare ine yakaderera melt viscosity uye yakanaka fluidity. Nechikonzero ichi, EVA ndiyo yakasarudzika sarudzo.
EVA inonyungudutsa viscosity ine extrusion yekugadzirisa tembiricha uye shear rate inowedzera kukurumidza kuderera, mushandisi anongoda kugadzirisa extruder tembiricha uye screw kumhanya, unogona kuita yakanakisa kuita kwewaya uye tambo zvigadzirwa. Huwandu hukuru hwemashandisirwo emumba nekune dzimwe nyika hunoratidza kuti, kune yakazadzwa yakaderera chiutsi halogen-isina zvinhu, nekuti viscosity yakakura kwazvo, melt index idiki, saka chete kushandiswa kwepasi compression ratio screw ( compression ratio yeisingasviki. 1. 3) extrusion, kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chakanaka chekuwedzera. Rubber-based EVM zvinhu zvine vulcanising agents zvinogona kuwedzeredzwa pane ese erabha extruder uye general chinangwa extruders. Iyo inotevera vulcanisation (cross-linking) process inogona kuitwa kana ne thermochemical (peroxide) cross-linking kana ne electron accelerator irradiation cross-linking.
2. 3 Zviri nyore kugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa
Waya netambo zviri kwese kwese, kubva kudenga kusvika pasi, kubva kumakomo kusvika kugungwa. Vashandisi vewaya uye tambo zvinodiwa zvakare zvakasiyana uye zvinoshamisa, nepo chimiro chewaya netambo chakafanana, misiyano yekuita kwayo inonyanya kuratidzwa mukudzivirira uye sheath yekuvhara zvinhu.
Parizvino, kumba nekune dzimwe nyika, PVC yakapfava ichiri kuverengera huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvepolymer zvinoshandiswa muindasitiri yetambo. Nekudaro, nekuwedzera kuziva kwekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kusimudzira kwakasimba.
PVC zvinhu zvakaganhurirwa zvakanyanya, masayendisiti ari kuita zvese zvinogoneka kutsvaga zvimwe zvekushandisa kuPVC, iyo inonyanya kuvimbisa iyo EVA.
EVA inogona kusanganiswa nemhando dzakasiyana dzemapolymers, asiwo neakasiyana mamineral powders uye zvigadzirwa zvekugadzirisa zvinoenderana, zvigadzirwa zvakasanganiswa zvinogona kugadzirwa mupurasitiki yethermoplastic yetambo dzepurasitiki, asiwo muchinjika-yakabatana rabha yetambo dzerabha. Vagadziri vekugadzira vanogona kuve pamusoro pemushandisi (kana mwero) zvinodiwa, EVA sechinhu chekutanga, kuita kuti mashandiro echinyorwa asangane nezvinodiwa.
3 EVA application renji
3. 1 Inoshandiswa semi-conductive shielding zvinhu kune yakakwirira-voltage magetsi tambo
Sezvatinoziva tese, iyo huru yemidziyo yekudzivirira ndeye conductive kabhoni dema, mupurasitiki kana rubber base zvinhu kuti uwedzere huwandu hukuru hwekabhoni nhema huchashatisa zvakanyanya kuyerera kwechidziviriro uye kutsetseka kweiyo extrusion level. Kuti udzivise kubuda kwechikamu mumatare e-high-voltage, mukati uye kunze nhovo dzinofanira kuva dzakatetepa, dzinopenya, dzakajeka uye dzakafanana. Kuenzaniswa nemamwe mapolymers, EVA inogona kuita izvi zviri nyore. Chikonzero cheizvi ndechekuti EVA's extrusion process inonyanya kunaka, kuyerera kwakanaka, uye isingaite kunyungudutsa kuputika chiitiko. Iyo inodzivirira zvinhu yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri: yakaputirwa mu conductor kunze inonzi inner shield - ine yemukati skrini zvinhu; yakaputirwa mukati mekudzivirira kunze inonzi shield yekunze - neine yekunze skrini zvinhu; yemukati skrini zvinhu zvakanyanya thermoplastic Iyo yemukati skrini zvinhu zvakanyanya thermoplastic uye inowanzobva paEVA ine VA yemukati ye18% kusvika 28%; iyo yekunze skrini zvinhu zvakanyanya kuchinjika-yakabatana uye inosvunurika uye inowanzobva paEVA ine VA yemukati ye40% kusvika 46%.
3. 2 Thermoplastic uye muchinjika-yakabatana flame retardant mafuta
Thermoplastic flame retardant polyolefin inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yematambo, kunyanya kune halogen kana halogen-isina zvinodiwa zvetambo dzemugungwa, tambo dzemagetsi uye mitsara yekuvaka yepamusoro. Kupisa kwavo kwenguva refu kwekushanda kunotangira pa70 kusvika 90 °C.
Kune epakati uye akakwira voltage emagetsi tambo dze10 kV uye pamusoro, idzo dzine zvakanyanyisa magetsi ekuita zvinodiwa, iyo inodzoreredza murazvo zvivakwa zvinonyanya kutakurwa nekunze sheath. Mune zvimwe zvivakwa zvinoda nharaunda kana mapurojekiti, tambo dzinofanirwa kuve neutsi hushoma, husina halogen, hupfu hwakadzika kana hutsi hushoma uye hushoma halogen zvivakwa, saka thermoplastic flame retardant polyolefins mhinduro inoshanda.
Nezvimwe zvinangwa zvakakosha, iyo dhayamita yekunze haina kukura, tembiricha kuramba mu105 ~ 150 ℃ pakati peyakakosha tambo, yakawanda-yakabatana-yakabatana murazvo unodzoreredza polyolefin zvinhu, kuchinjika kwayo kunogona kusarudzwa nemugadziri wetambo zvichienderana nemamiriro avo ekugadzira. , ese ari maviri echinyakare akakwira-kudzvanya chiutsi kana yakakwirira-tembiricha munyu yekugezera, asi zvakare iripo erekitironi accelerator mukamuri tembiricha irradiation cross-yakabatana nzira. Iyo tembiricha yekushanda kwenguva refu yakakamurwa kuita 105 ℃, 125 ℃, 150 ℃ mafaera matatu, chirimwa chekugadzira chinogona kuitwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvevashandisi kana zviyero, halogen-isina kana halogen-ine mafuta barriers.
Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti polyolefins haisi-polar kana isina simba polar polar polymers. Sezvo iwo akafanana nemafuta emaminerari mu polarity, polyolefins anonyanya kutariswa seasina kupesana neoiri zvinoenderana nemusimboti wekuenderana kwakafanana. Nekudaro, akawanda matambo mwero kumba nekune dzimwe nyika zvakare anoti kupikisa kwakabatana kunofanirwa kuve nekupikisa kwakanaka kuoiri, zvinonyungudutsa uye kunyangwe kune oiri slurries, asidhi uye alkalis. Iri idambudziko kune vanotsvaga zvinhu, ikozvino, kungave kuChina kana kunze kwenyika, izvi zvinoda zvinhu zvakagadziridzwa, uye hwaro hwezvinhu ndeye EVA.
3. 3 Oxygen barrier material
Matambo akawanda-epakati tambo ane akawanda voids pakati pemacores anoda kuzadzwa kuti ave nechokwadi chetambo yakatenderedzwa, kana kuzadza mukati mekunze kwesheath kunogadzirwa nehalogen-isina mafuta barriers. Iri rekuzadza rinoita sechivharo chemurazvo (okisijeni) kana tambo yapisa uye nekudaro inozivikanwa se "oxygen barrier" muindasitiri.
Izvo zvinodikanwa zveokisijeni barriers zvinhu ndezvi: yakanaka extrusion zvivakwa, yakanaka halogen-isina murazvo retardancy (okisijeni index kazhinji pamusoro pe40) uye yakaderera mutengo.
Ichi chipingamupinyi cheokisijeni chakashandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yetambo kweanopfuura makore gumi uye zvakakonzera kuvandudzwa kwakakosha mukudzoreredza kwemurazvo wetambo. Chidziviso cheokisijeni chinogona kushandiswa kune ese halogen-isina tambo dzinodzoreredza moto uye tambo dzisina halogen dzinodzoreredza moto (semuenzaniso PVC). Kuwanda kwekudzidzira kwakaratidza kuti tambo dzine chivharo cheokisijeni dzinokwanisa kudarika imwe chete yakatwasuka uye bvunzo dzekupisa masumbu.
Kubva pakuona kwekugadzirwa kwezvinhu, iyi oksijeni inodzivirira zvinhu chaizvoizvo "ultra-high filler", nokuti kusangana nemutengo wakaderera, zvakakosha kushandisa kuzadza kwepamusoro, kuti uwane iyo yakakwira oksijeni index inofanirawo kuwedzera chikamu chakakwirira. (2 kusvika 3 nguva) yeMg (OH) 2 kana Al (OH) 3, uye kuwedzera zvakanaka uye inofanira kusarudza EVA sechinhu chekutanga.
3. 4 Modified PE sheathing zvinhu
Polyethylene sheathing zvinhu zvinowanzosangana nezvinetso zviviri: chekutanga, ivo vanowanzonyunguduka kuputsika (kureva sharkskin) panguva yeextrusion; chechipiri, ivo vanowanzoita kwezvakatipoteredza kusagadzikana kutsemuka. Mhinduro iri nyore ndeyekuwedzera chimwe chikamu cheEva mukugadzirisa. inoshandiswa seEVA yakagadziridzwa kunyanya kushandisa yakaderera VA yemukati yegiredhi, iyo melt index kusvika pakati pe1 kusvika 2 yakakodzera.
4. Tarisiro dzebudiriro
(1) EVA yakashandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yetambo, huwandu hwepagore mukukura zvishoma nezvishoma uye kwakadzikama. Kunyanya mumakore gumi apfuura, nekuda kwekukosha kwekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, EVA-yakavakirwa mafuta kuramba yave kukurumidza kusimudzira, uye chikamu chakatsiva PVC-based cable material maitiro. Kuita kwayo kwakanakisa mutengo uye kuita kwakanakisa kweiyo extrusion process kwakaoma kutsiva chero zvimwe zvinhu.
(2) tambo indasitiri yegore negore kushandiswa kweEVA resin padyo ne100,000 matani, sarudzo yeEVA resin marudzi, VA yemukati kubva pasi kusvika kumusoro ichashandiswa, yakasanganiswa netambo zvinhu granulation bhizinesi saizi haisi yakakura, yakapararira mubhizinesi rega rega gore rega. chete muzviuru zvematani eEva resin kumusoro nekudzika, uye nekudaro haizove iyo EVA indasitiri yehofori yebhizinesi yekutarisisa. Semuenzaniso, huwandu hukuru hwehalogen-isina murazvo unodzoreredza base, iyo huru sarudzo yeVA / MI = 28/2 ~ 3 yeEVA resin (yakadai seUS DuPont's EVA 265 #). Uye iyi yekutemerwa giredhi yeEVA kusvika parizvino hapana vagadziri vepamba kugadzira uye kupa. Tisingataure nezve VA yemukati yakakwira kupfuura makumi maviri nemasere, uye melt index isingasviki 3 yeimwe EVA resin kugadzirwa uye kupa.
(3) makambani ekunze anogadzira EVA nekuda kwekushaikwa kwevakwikwidzi vepamba, uye mutengo wakareba, uchidzvanyirira zvakanyanya kufarira kwekugadzira tambo yekugadzira tambo. zvinopfuura 50% zveVA zviri murubber-type EVM, ikambani yekune dzimwe nyika inotongwa, uye mutengo wakafanana neVA yemukati mechiratidzo 2 kusvika ku3 nguva. Mitengo yakakwira yakadai, zvakare, inokanganisa huwandu hweiyi rabha mhando EVM, saka indasitiri yetambo inodaidzira vagadziri veEVA vepamba, kuti vavandudze mwero wekugadzirwa kwepamba kweEva. Kuwedzera kugadzirwa kweindastiri kwave kwakawanda kwekushandisa EVA resin.
(4) Zvichivimba nesavha yekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza munguva yekudyidzana kwepasi rose, EVA inoonekwa neindasitiri yetambo seyakanyanya base base zvinhu zvekuchengetedza mafuta kuramba. Kushandiswa kweEVA kuri kukura pamwero we15% pagore uye maonero ari kuvimbisa zvikuru. Huwandu uye chiyero chekukura kwezvinhu zvekudzivirira uye yepakati uye yakakwirira voltage simba tambo yekugadzira uye kukura mwero, inenge 8% kusvika 10% pakati; polyolefin resistances iri kukura nekukurumidza, mumakore achangopfuura yakaramba iri pa15% kusvika 20% pakati, uye mune zvinoonekwa makore mashanu kusvika gumi anotevera, inogonawo kuchengetedza kukura uku.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-31-2022